工业城市室内灰尘的特征：与室外灰尘和大气颗粒物的比较。
Characteristics of indoor dust in an industrial city: Comparison with outdoor dust and atmospheric particulates.
机构信息
CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China.
出版信息
Chemosphere. 2021 Jun;272:129952. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129952. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
There is a considerable connection between indoor and outdoor environments. However, few studies have explored their intrinsic relationship until now. This study conducted morphologic observation, heavy metal monitoring and isotopes analysis in indoor and outdoor dust, as well as the atmospheric particulates in Hefei. Morphologic analysis demonstrated atmospheric particulates were affected by fly ash and construction, road dust mainly came from automobile exhaust and indoor dust particles were interfered by multiple sources, including the secondary reaction of fly ash. Chemical speciation analysis of heavy metals showed the exchange of heavy metals between atmospheric particulates and indoor dust was dominated by non-residual metals, while the exchange between road dust and indoor dust tended to rely on residual metals. The assessment results of heavy metals in particulates showed that indoor carcinogenic risks were greater than outdoor for children, however, for adults, outdoor carcinogenic risks were greater than indoor. Stable isotopes analysis indicated carbon in the dust outside buildings was derived from flying dust, and atmospheric particulates might derive from vehicle exhaust, or partly from natural gas. While sulfur in atmospheric particulates was derived mainly from coal combustion. The release from indoor activities, especially natural gas exhaust emitted from cooking had a certain impact on atmospheric particulates.
室内和室外环境之间存在着相当大的联系。然而，直到现在，很少有研究探索它们之间的内在关系。本研究对室内外灰尘以及合肥大气颗粒物进行了形态观察、重金属监测和同位素分析。形态分析表明，大气颗粒物受到粉煤灰和建筑的影响，道路灰尘主要来自汽车尾气，而室内灰尘颗粒则受到多种来源的干扰，包括粉煤灰的二次反应。重金属化学形态分析表明，大气颗粒物和室内灰尘之间重金属的交换主要由非残留金属主导，而道路灰尘和室内灰尘之间的交换则倾向于依赖残留金属。颗粒物中重金属的评估结果表明，儿童的室内致癌风险大于室外，而对于成年人，室外致癌风险大于室内。稳定同位素分析表明，建筑物外灰尘中的碳来源于扬尘，大气颗粒物可能来源于汽车尾气，或者部分来源于天然气。而大气颗粒物中的硫主要来源于煤炭燃烧。室内活动的释放，尤其是烹饪时排放的天然气，对大气颗粒物有一定的影响。
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