Ribeiro Matheus Pereira, da Silveira Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça, de Oliveira Braga Fábio, Monteiro Sergio Neves
Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering-IME, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil.
Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Fluminense University-UFF, Niterói 24210-240, Brazil.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Oct 16;14(20):4357. doi: 10.3390/polym14204357.
As destructive power of firearms raises over the years, ballistic armors are in continuous need of enhancement. For soft armors, this improvement is invariably related to the increase of stacked layers of high-strength fiber fabrics, which potentially restrains wearer mobility. A different solution was created in the early 2000s, when a research work proposed a new treatment of the ballistic panels with non-Newtonian colloidal shear thickening fluid (STF), in view of weight decreasing with strength reinforcement and cost-effective production. Since then, databases reveal a surge in publications generally pointing to acceptable features under ballistic impact by exploring different conditions of the materials adopted. As a result, several works have not been covered in recent reviews for a wider discussion of their methodologies and results, which could be a barrier to a deeper understanding of the behavior of STF-impregnated fabrics. Therefore, the present work aims to overview the unexplored state-of-art on the effectiveness of STF addition to high-strength fabrics for ballistic applications to compile achievements regarding the ballistic strength of this novel material through different parameters. From the screened papers, SiO2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 400, and Aramid are extensively being incorporated into the STF/Fabric composites. Besides, parameters such as initial and residual velocity, energy absorbed, ballistic limit, and back face signature are common metrics for a comprehensive analysis of the ballistic performance of the material. The overview also points to a promising application of natural fiber fabrics and auxetic fabrics with STF fluids, as well as the demand for the adoption of new materials and more homogeneous ballistic test parameters. Finally, the work emphasizes that the ballistic application for STF-impregnated fabric based on NIJ standards is feasible for several conditions.
随着这些年枪支破坏力的增强，防弹装甲不断需要改进。对于软质装甲而言，这种改进总是与高强度纤维织物堆叠层数的增加相关，这可能会限制穿戴者的行动能力。21世纪初出现了一种不同的解决方案，当时一项研究工作提出用非牛顿胶体剪切增稠流体（STF）对防弹板进行新的处理，以期在增强强度的同时减轻重量并实现经济高效的生产。从那时起，数据库显示相关出版物激增，这些出版物通常通过探索所采用材料的不同条件来指出防弹冲击下可接受的特性。结果，最近的综述未涵盖一些研究工作，无法对其方法和结果进行更广泛的讨论，这可能会妨碍对浸渍STF织物行为的深入理解。因此，本工作旨在概述在防弹应用中向高强度织物添加STF的有效性方面尚未探索的最新技术，通过不同参数汇总关于这种新型材料防弹强度的成果。从筛选出的论文来看，二氧化硅、聚乙二醇（PEG）200和400以及芳纶被广泛纳入STF/织物复合材料中。此外，诸如初始和残余速度、吸收能量量、防弹极限和背面特征等参数是全面分析该材料防弹性能的常用指标。该综述还指出天然纤维织物和带STF流体的负泊松比织物有前景的应用，以及采用新材料和更均匀防弹测试参数的需求。最后，该工作强调基于美国国家司法研究所（NIJ）标准的浸渍STF织物的防弹应用在多种条件下是可行的。
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