波兰孕妇对新冠病毒的恐惧及对疫苗的犹豫态度：一项横断面研究
Fear of COVID-19 and Vaccine Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Janik Kinga, Nietupska Kinga, Iwanowicz-Palus Grazyna, Cybulski Mateusz
机构信息
Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 7A Str., 15-096 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Independent Public Healthcare Center in Sokolka, Sikorskiego 40 Str., 16-100 Sokolka, Poland.
出版信息
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 11;10(10):1700. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101700.
INTRODUCTION
Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to anxiety and stress, and the COVID-19 pandemic has definitely contributed to anxiety in this group. Researchers continue their work on COVID-19 vaccine formulations to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and minimise the impact of the pandemic. Despite the increased prevalence and severity of anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine vary. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of anxiety experienced by pregnant women due to COVID-19 and their attitudes to vaccination.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 595 women voluntarily participated in the study. The respondents were divided into two groups: the study group ( = 288), which consisted of women who were pregnant at the time of the survey, and the control group ( = 307), which included women of reproductive age (18-49 years). The study used a diagnostic survey method with a web-based questionnaire consisting of the author's survey questionnaire and the following standardised tools: the Scale to Measure the Perception of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Acceptance (VAC-COVID-19 SCALE), the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (DrVac-COVID19S) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS).
RESULTS
The level of COVID-related anxiety differed depending on the tool used. Mild anxiety was reported for CAS, while FCV-19S showed its moderate levels. Both pregnant women and women of reproductive age showed high scores in VAC-COVID-19 and DrVac-COVID19S. The mean VAC-COVID-19 scores were 41.44 in the study group and 44.26 in the control group, and the mean DrVac-COVID19S scores were 51.25 in pregnant women and 55.85 in women of reproductive age. This indicates a high level of acceptance of and positive attitudes toward vaccinations.
CONCLUSIONS
Pregnant women showed moderate coronavirus anxiety. Women in both the study group and the control group showed mostly positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination.
引言
孕妇特别容易焦虑和紧张，而新冠疫情无疑加剧了这一群体的焦虑情绪。研究人员继续致力于新冠疫苗配方的研究，以减少严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的传播，并将疫情的影响降至最低。尽管在新冠疫情期间孕妇焦虑的发生率和严重程度有所增加，但她们对新冠疫苗的态度各不相同。本研究的目的是评估孕妇因新冠疫情而产生的焦虑程度及其对疫苗接种的态度。
材料与方法
共有595名女性自愿参与本研究。受访者分为两组：研究组（n = 288），由调查时怀孕的女性组成；对照组（n = 307），包括育龄女性（18 - 49岁）。本研究采用诊断性调查方法，通过基于网络的问卷进行，问卷由作者的调查问卷以及以下标准化工具组成：严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2疫苗接受度感知量表（VAC-COVID-19量表）、新冠恐惧量表（FCV-19S）、新冠疫苗接种接受度驱动力量表（DrVac-COVID19S）和冠状病毒焦虑量表（CAS）。
结果
与新冠相关的焦虑程度因使用的工具而异。CAS显示为轻度焦虑，而FCV-19S显示为中度焦虑。孕妇和育龄女性在VAC-COVID-19和DrVac-COVID19S中得分都很高。研究组VAC-COVID-19平均得分为41.44，对照组为44.26；孕妇DrVac-COVID19S平均得分为51.25，育龄女性为55.85。这表明对疫苗接种的接受程度较高且态度积极。
结论
孕妇表现出中度的冠状病毒焦虑。研究组和对照组的女性对新冠疫苗接种大多持积极态度。
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