Fu Yaqun, Zhao Jingyu, Wei Xia, Han Peien, Yang Li, Ren Tao, Zhan Siyan, Li Liming
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 14;10(10):1712. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101712.
To effectively prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have adopted a booster vaccination strategy. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of sequential booster COVID-19 vaccination compared to two-dose inactivated vaccination in China from a societal perspective. A Markov model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of sequential vaccination, including two doses of an inactivated vaccine followed by a booster shot of an inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vectored vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, or mRNA vaccine. The incremental effects of a booster shot with an inactivated vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, adenovirus vectored vaccine, and mRNA vaccine were 0.0075, 0.0110, 0.0208, and 0.0249 QALYs and saved costs of US$163.96, US$261.73, US$583.21, and US$724.49, respectively. Under the Omicron virus pandemic, the sequential vaccination among adults and the elderly (aged 60-69, 70-79, over 80) was consistently cost-saving, and a booster shot of the mRNA vaccine was more cost-saving. The results indicate that the sequential vaccination strategy is cost-effective in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic, and improving vaccination coverage among the elderly is of great importance in avoiding severe cases and deaths.
为有效防控新冠疫情，各国采取了加强免疫接种策略。本研究旨在从社会角度评估中国新冠病毒序贯加强免疫接种与两剂灭活疫苗接种相比的成本效益。构建了一个马尔可夫模型来评估序贯接种的成本效益，包括两剂灭活疫苗后再接种一剂灭活疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗、蛋白亚单位疫苗或信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗。接种一剂灭活疫苗、蛋白亚单位疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗和mRNA疫苗的增量效果分别为0.0075、0.0110、0.0208和0.0249个质量调整生命年（QALY），节省成本分别为163.96美元、261.73美元、583.21美元和724.49美元。在奥密克戎病毒大流行期间，成年人和老年人（60 - 69岁、70 - 79岁、80岁以上）的序贯接种始终具有成本节约效益，接种一剂mRNA疫苗更具成本节约效益。结果表明，序贯接种策略在应对新冠疫情方面具有成本效益，提高老年人的疫苗接种覆盖率对于避免重症和死亡至关重要。
