Astudillo-García Claudia I, Austria-Corrales Fernando, Rivera-Rivera Leonor, Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam, Gómez-García José Alberto, Séris-Martinez Marina, Jiménez-Tapia Alberto, Robles Rebeca, Morales-Chainé Silvia, López-Montoya Alejandra, Cuevas-Renaud Corina, Toledano-Toledano Filiberto
Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica (SAP), Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México.
Comisión Nacional para la Mejora Continua de la Educación (MEJOREDU), Ciudad de México, México.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 10;13:973134. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973134. eCollection 2022.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the measurement of invariance by sex, age, and educational level of an online version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a five-item version (GAD-5). Configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance were evaluated using data from 79,473 respondents who answered a mental health questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The sex variable was classified as male or female; age was categorized as minors, youth, young adults, adults, and older adults; and educational level was divided into basic, upper secondary, higher, and graduate education. To test for configural invariance, confirmatory factor models were constructed. For metric invariance, equality restrictions were established for the factor loadings between the construct and its items; for scalar invariance, equality restrictions were established between the intercepts; strict variance implied the additional restriction of the residuals. Statistical analysis was performed in R software with the lavaan package. The results show that with respect to sex, age, and educational level, configural and metric measurement invariance was confirmed (ΔCFI < 0.002; ΔRMSEA < 0.015). However, with respect to scalar and strict invariance, the results showed significant differences regarding the fit model (ΔCFI > 0.002; ΔRMSEA > 0.015). We conclude that the GAD-5 presents configural and metric invariance for sex, age, and educational level, and scalar invariance for sex and age groups. However, the scale does not demonstrate strict invariance. We discuss the implications and suggest that this result could be related to the evaluation of sociodemographic variables.
本研究的主要目的是评估五条目版广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD - 5）在线版本在性别、年龄和教育水平方面的测量不变性。使用来自79473名受访者的数据评估构型不变性、度量不变性、标量不变性和严格不变性，这些受访者在墨西哥新冠疫情期间回答了一份心理健康问卷。性别变量分为男性或女性；年龄分为未成年人、青年、青年成年人、成年人和老年人；教育水平分为基础、高中、高等和研究生教育。为了检验构型不变性，构建了验证性因子模型。对于度量不变性，对构念与其条目之间的因子载荷建立了等式限制；对于标量不变性，在截距之间建立了等式限制；严格不变性意味着对残差有额外限制。使用R软件中的lavaan包进行统计分析。结果表明，在性别、年龄和教育水平方面，构型和度量测量不变性得到了证实（ΔCFI < 0.002；ΔRMSEA < 0.015）。然而，在标量和严格不变性方面，结果显示拟合模型存在显著差异（ΔCFI > 0.002；ΔRMSEA > 0.015）。我们得出结论，GAD - 5在性别、年龄和教育水平方面呈现构型和度量不变性，在性别和年龄组方面呈现标量不变性。然而，该量表未显示严格不变性。我们讨论了其意义，并表明这一结果可能与社会人口学变量的评估有关。
