在 COVID-19 大流行期间，四个欧洲国家的患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）和广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）的测量不变性。
Measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) across four European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
机构信息
Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Cathedral Court, 1 Vicar Lane, S1 2LT, Sheffield, England.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2022 Mar 1;22(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-03787-5.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) are self-report measures of major depressive disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. The primary aim of this study was to test for differential item functioning (DIF) on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 items based on age, sex (males and females), and country.
METHOD
Data from nationally representative surveys in UK, Ireland, Spain, and Italy (combined N = 6,054) were used to fit confirmatory factor analytic and multiple-indictor multiple-causes models.
RESULTS
Spain and Italy had higher latent variable means than the UK and Ireland for both anxiety and depression, but there was no evidence for differential items functioning.
CONCLUSIONS
The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores were found to be unidimensional, reliable, and largely free of DIF in data from four large nationally representative samples of the general population in the UK, Ireland, Italy and Spain.
摘要
背景
患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）和广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）是衡量重度抑郁障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍的自评量表。本研究的主要目的是基于年龄、性别（男性和女性）和国家，检验 PHQ-9 和 GAD-7 项目的差异项目功能（DIF）。
方法
使用来自英国、爱尔兰、西班牙和意大利的全国代表性调查数据（合并 N=6054），拟合验证性因子分析和多指标多原因模型。
结果
与英国和爱尔兰相比，西班牙和意大利的焦虑和抑郁的潜在变量平均值更高，但没有证据表明存在差异项目功能。
结论
在来自英国、爱尔兰、意大利和西班牙的四个具有全国代表性的普通人群样本数据中，PHQ-9 和 GAD-7 评分被发现是单维的、可靠的，并且在很大程度上没有差异项目功能。
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