Coci Chiara, Invernizzi Roberta, Capone Luca, Casini Erica, Orlandi Marika, Galli Paola, Rossi Ilaria, Martinelli Ottaviano, Borgatti Renato, Mensi Martina Maria
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 10;13:1009460. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1009460. eCollection 2022.
Suicide is a global cause of death, a chronic disability, and a significant public health problem. Recent works emphasize the importance of differentiating people with suicide ideation (SI) and people with suicidal attempts (SA), so we conducted a clinical cross-sectional study to better characterize the features most associated with SA. We enrolled 88 adolescents (77 females) from 12 to 18 years of age ( = 15.21, = 1.63) admitted to Northern Italian Child Neurology and Psychiatry Service who presented SI and/or SA. We conducted an assessment using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, and divided participants into two groups: adolescents with SA, and adolescents with thoughts about killing themselves which may include a plan but no suicidal attempts (SI). We found that the SA group showed greater severity of SI [ = -3.485, < 0.001], higher levels of subjective depression [ = -2.65, = 0.01)], and a higher prevalence of personality disorders [ = 8.775, = 0.032] than the SI group. Both groups presented a prevalence of internalizing problems compared to the externalizing ones in the Youth Self-Report (YSR). Higher scores on YSR internalizing problems correlate positively with the "Repulsion by Life" subscale of the Multi-Attitude Suicide Tendency (MAST) Scale in both SA and SI groups ( = 0.41 and = 0.67, respectively), while low levels of the MAST "Attraction to Life" subscale appear more often in the SA one ( = -0.71). In conclusion, results showed that some features (e.g., prevalence of personality disorders, SI intensity, and subjective depression) might help clinicians distinguish between patients with SI and those with SA and support the importance of carefully pursuing this distinction in research.
自杀是一个全球性的死亡原因、一种慢性残疾，也是一个重大的公共卫生问题。近期的研究强调了区分有自杀意念（SI）的人和有自杀未遂（SA）的人的重要性，因此我们开展了一项临床横断面研究，以更好地描述与自杀未遂最相关的特征。我们招募了88名年龄在12至18岁（平均年龄 = 15.21岁，标准差 = 1.63）的青少年（77名女性），他们因有自杀意念和/或自杀未遂而入住意大利北部儿童神经科和精神科。我们使用哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表进行了评估，并将参与者分为两组：有自杀未遂的青少年，以及有自杀念头（可能包括计划但无自杀未遂行为）的青少年（自杀意念）。我们发现，与自杀意念组相比，自杀未遂组的自杀意念严重程度更高[平均差 = -3.485，p < 0.001]，主观抑郁水平更高[平均差 = -2.65，p = 0.01]，人格障碍患病率更高[平均差 = 8.775，p = 0.032]。在青少年自我报告（YSR）中，与外化问题相比，两组的内化问题患病率都较高。YSR内化问题得分较高与自杀未遂组和自杀意念组中多态度自杀倾向（MAST）量表的“对生活的排斥”子量表呈正相关（分别为r = 0.41和r = 0.67），而MAST“对生活的吸引力”子量表得分较低在自杀未遂组中更为常见（r = -0.71）。总之，结果表明，一些特征（如人格障碍患病率、自杀意念强度和主观抑郁）可能有助于临床医生区分有自杀意念的患者和有自杀未遂的患者，并支持在研究中仔细进行这种区分的重要性。
