Marei Isra, Ahmetaj-Shala Blerina, Triggle Chris R
Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine- Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 10;13:982185. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.982185. eCollection 2022.
Stent thrombosis remains one of the main causes that lead to vascular stent failure in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity and is associated with suboptimal outcomes following PCI, and an increase in the incidence of late stent thrombosis. Evidence suggests that late stent thrombosis is caused by the delayed and impaired endothelialization of the lumen of the stent. The endothelium has a key role in modulating inflammation and thrombosis and maintaining homeostasis, thus restoring a functional endothelial cell layer is an important target for the prevention of stent thrombosis. Modifications using specific molecules to induce endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation and function can improve stents endothelialization and prevent thrombosis. Blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) represent a potential cell source for the in situ-endothelialization of vascular conduits and stents. We aim in this review to summarize the main biofunctionalization strategies to induce the endothelialization of coronary artery stents using circulating endothelial stem cells.
支架血栓形成仍然是接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）患者血管支架失败的主要原因之一。2型糖尿病伴有内皮功能障碍和血小板活性亢进，与PCI术后不理想的结果以及晚期支架血栓形成发生率增加有关。有证据表明，晚期支架血栓形成是由支架管腔内皮化延迟和受损所致。内皮在调节炎症和血栓形成以及维持内环境稳定方面起着关键作用，因此恢复功能性内皮细胞层是预防支架血栓形成的重要靶点。使用特定分子诱导内皮细胞黏附、增殖和功能的修饰可改善支架内皮化并预防血栓形成。血液内皮祖细胞（EPCs）是血管导管和支架原位内皮化的潜在细胞来源。在本综述中，我们旨在总结使用循环内皮干细胞诱导冠状动脉支架内皮化的主要生物功能化策略。
