Yin Bin, Wang Ya-Xin, Fei Cheng-Yang, Jiang Ke
Laboratory for Learning and Behavioral Sciences, School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Oct 10;13:1010971. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010971. eCollection 2022.
Personality disorders (PD) are usually treated with face-to-face sessions and/or digital mental health services. Among many schools of therapies, schema therapy stands out because rather than simply targeting the symptoms of PD, it cordially targets the cause of PD and heals the early maladaptive schema, thus is exceptionally good at soothing emotional disturbances before enacting cognitive restructuring, resulting in long-term efficacy. However, according to Piaget's genetic epistemology, the unmet needs lie in the fact that the schemata that determine the adaptive behavior can only be formed in the interaction with the real world that the patient is living in and reconsolidated by the feedback from the object world upon the patient's newly-formed behavior. Therefore, in order to reshape the patient's schema modes to support adaptive behavior and regain emotional regulation capabilities of the healthy adult, one may have to reconstruct the object world surrounding the patient. Metaverse, the bestowed successor to the Internet with the cardinal feature of "the sense of full presence," can become a powerful tool to reconstruct a new object world for the patient with the prescription of a psychotherapist, so as to transform the treatment techniques in schema therapy into the natural autobiographical experiences of patients in the new object world, thus gradually reshape the patient's schema modes that can ultimately result in an adaptive, and more inclusive, interaction with the real world. This work describes the underlying theory, the mechanism, the process, and ethical considerations of such promising technology for the not-too-far future.
人格障碍（PD）通常通过面对面治疗和/或数字心理健康服务进行治疗。在众多治疗流派中，图式疗法脱颖而出，因为它不是简单地针对人格障碍的症状，而是诚挚地针对人格障碍的病因并修复早期适应不良图式，因此在进行认知重构之前，它在舒缓情绪障碍方面表现出色，具有长期疗效。然而，根据皮亚杰的发生认识论，尚未满足的需求在于，决定适应性行为的图式只能在与患者所生活的现实世界的互动中形成，并通过客体世界对患者新形成行为的反馈进行重新巩固。因此，为了重塑患者支持适应性行为的图式模式并恢复健康成年人的情绪调节能力，可能必须重建患者周围的客体世界。元宇宙作为互联网的继承者，具有“完全在场感”这一基本特征，可以在心理治疗师的指导下，成为为患者重建新客体世界的有力工具，从而将图式疗法中的治疗技术转化为患者在新客体世界中的自然自传体验，进而逐步重塑患者的图式模式，最终实现与现实世界的适应性更强、更具包容性的互动。本文描述了这项有前景的技术在不远的将来的潜在理论、机制、过程和伦理考量。
