Department of Electronic Engineering, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.
Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2575:105-123. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2716-7_6.
Targeted delivery, in which therapeutic agents are preferentially concentrated at the diseased site, has the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes by minimizing off-target interactions in healthy tissue. Both passive and active methods of targeting delivery have been proposed, often with particular emphasis on cancer treatment. Passive methods rely on the overexpression of a biomarker in diseased tissue that can then be used to target the therapy. Active techniques involve physically guiding therapeutic agents toward the target region. Since the motion of magnetic particles can be remotely controlled by external magnetic fields, magnetic technologies have the potential to drive and hold drugs or other cargo at the required therapeutic site, increasing the localized dose while minimizing overall exposure. Directed motion may be generated either by simple magnetic attraction or by causing the particles to perform swimming strokes to produce propulsion. This chapter will compare the different strategies using magnetic nanotechnology to produce directed motion compatible with that required for targeted cargo delivery and magnetically assisted therapies and assess their potential to meet the challenges of operating within the human body.
靶向递送，即将治疗剂优先集中在病变部位，通过最小化健康组织中的脱靶相互作用，有可能改善治疗效果。靶向递送的被动和主动方法都已被提出，通常特别强调癌症治疗。被动方法依赖于在病变组织中过度表达一种生物标志物，然后可以用该标志物来靶向治疗。主动技术涉及物理上引导治疗剂朝向目标区域。由于磁性粒子的运动可以通过外部磁场远程控制，因此磁技术有可能在所需的治疗部位驱动和保持药物或其他货物，增加局部剂量，同时最大限度地减少总体暴露。定向运动可以通过简单的磁引力产生，也可以通过使粒子进行游泳动作来产生推进力。本章将比较使用磁纳米技术产生与靶向货物递送和磁辅助治疗所需的定向运动兼容的不同策略，并评估它们在满足在人体内运行的挑战方面的潜力。
