Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jan 1;325(Pt B):116558. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116558. Epub 2022 Oct 24.
Tile-back type slopes comprise ephemeral gullies (EGs) and hillslopes; they are a unique and widely distributed micro-landform in the Loess Plateau region of China. Gully erosion from these landforms is a serious issue, but the micro-landform makes the erosion process and its estimation complex. Quantifying soil erosion processes and their distribution characteristics at different positions on tile-back type slopes will provide a clearer picture for ecological restoration to control further soil degradation. This study investigated the erosion process of tile-back type slope with non-uniform slopes using a 3D photo-reconstruction method during eight successive simulated rainfall events. The results showed that EG erosion began with a chain of intermittent headcuts. When the accumulated rainfall reached 76 mm, serious collapses dramatically increased the amount of sediment by 216% after the first rainfall (cumulative rainfall was about 15 mm). We quantified the sediment contribution of EG erosion (46.20%), rill erosion (35.62%), and inter-rill erosion (18.18%) to total soil loss. The erosion area of the steep slope section and extremely steep slope section accounted for 33.26% and 66.74% of the total erosion area, respectively. Moreover, sediment amounts significantly correlated with morphological parameters, particularly the amount of EG erosion and maximum gully depth, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. Cumulative gully length and erosion area had the greatest effect on rill erosion, with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. These results provide insight into the qualitative and quantitative understanding of EG erosion process on Loess Plateau of China and an important reference for the rational arrangement of EG control measures.
梯背型斜坡由短暂性冲沟（EGs）和斜坡组成；它们是中国黄土高原地区独特且广泛分布的微观地貌。这些地貌的沟蚀是一个严重的问题，但微观地貌使侵蚀过程及其估计变得复杂。量化梯背型斜坡不同位置的土壤侵蚀过程及其分布特征，将为生态恢复提供更清晰的控制进一步土壤退化的方案。本研究采用三维照片重建方法，在连续 8 次模拟降雨事件中，研究了非均匀坡度梯背型斜坡的侵蚀过程。结果表明，EG 侵蚀始于一连串间歇性的溯源侵蚀。当累积降雨量达到 76mm 时，严重的崩塌在第一次降雨后（累积降雨量约为 15mm）将泥沙量增加了 216%。我们量化了 EG 侵蚀（46.20%）、细沟侵蚀（35.62%）和沟间侵蚀（18.18%）对总土壤流失的贡献。陡坡段和极陡坡段的侵蚀面积分别占总侵蚀面积的 33.26%和 66.74%。此外，泥沙量与形态参数显著相关，特别是 EG 侵蚀量和最大沟深，相关系数为 0.98。累积沟长和侵蚀面积对细沟侵蚀的影响最大，相关系数为 0.97。这些结果为定性和定量理解中国黄土高原地区 EG 侵蚀过程提供了深入的认识，为合理安排 EG 控制措施提供了重要参考。
