Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Life Sci. 2022 Dec 1;310:121131. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121131. Epub 2022 Oct 25.
The incidence of liver diseases such as hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer is one of the world's most significant health challenges. Liver diseases can be caused by a variety of circumstances, including viral infection, exposure to xenobiotics, environmental pollutants, metabolic disorders, and others. Lycopene (LYC) is a potent antioxidant of the carotenoid family in red fruits and vegetables. LYC has been found to have multiple biological activities, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Notably, LYC has promised hepatoprotective properties against various liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, hepatocellular carcinoma, fulminant hepatic failure, and radiation-induced liver damage. It also protects against drug-induced liver injury caused by tramadol, cisplatin, methotrexate, oestrogen, sulfamethoxazole, and others. Moreover, promising hepatoprotective effects of LYC in environmental toxins such as Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, atrazine, aflatoxins, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, bisphenol A, dichlorvos as well as heavy metals. Our review aims to discuss LYC's hepatoprotective properties and explore the mechanisms behind this effect. It highlights several research directions for further investigating the potential benefits of LYC consumption in treating human liver diseases.
肝脏疾病（如肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌）的发病率是全球面临的重大健康挑战之一。肝脏疾病可能由多种情况引起，包括病毒感染、接触外源性化学物质、环境污染物、代谢紊乱等。番茄红素（LYC）是红色水果和蔬菜中类胡萝卜素家族的一种强效抗氧化剂。LYC 具有多种生物学活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎和抗细胞凋亡作用。值得注意的是，LYC 具有针对各种肝脏疾病的保肝特性，包括酒精性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肝纤维化、肝缺血/再灌注损伤、肝细胞癌、暴发性肝衰竭和放射性肝损伤。它还可以预防曲马多、顺铂、甲氨蝶呤、雌激素、磺胺甲恶唑等药物引起的肝损伤。此外，LYC 对邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯、莠去津、黄曲霉毒素、2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并对二恶英、双酚 A、敌敌畏以及重金属等环境毒素也具有有保护作用。我们的综述旨在讨论 LYC 的保肝特性，并探讨这种作用的机制。它强调了进一步研究 LYC 消费在治疗人类肝脏疾病方面的潜在益处的几个研究方向。
