School of Nursing, Texas A&M University, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, 77807-3260, Bryan, TX, USA.
Department of Rehabilitation Psychology & Special Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2022 Oct 31;20(1):148. doi: 10.1186/s12955-022-02059-w.
Quality of life is considered the most overarching psychosocial adaptation outcome following the rehabilitation of persons with spinal cord injury. Literature suggests that the quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury is determined by many personal and psychological factors, including mindfulness. This study aimed to identify the direct and indirect effect of mindfulness on the quality of life of persons living with spinal cord injury.
Participants consisted of 231 members of three spinal cord injury organizations in the United States: United Spinal Association, North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium, and Paralyzed Veterans of America-Wisconsin Chapter. The participants completed a set of standardized self-report questionnaires in an online Qualtrics survey. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the contribution of mindfulness to quality of life, controlling for sociodemographic and injury-related factors. A serial mediation analysis was performed to examine the indirect effect of mindfulness on quality of life.
In the hierarchical regression analysis, sociodemographic and injury-related factors (i.e., age, gender, race, marital status, education, employment, level and completeness of injury, comorbidities, frequency of hospitalization, pain intensity, and functional limitation) and mindfulness explained 59% variance on quality of life of the participants with spinal cord injury. Mindfulness uniquely contributed to the higher quality of life above and beyond sociodemographic and injury-related variables. In the serial mediation analysis, pain and functional limitation did not significantly mediate the relationship between mindfulness and quality of life. However, the indirect effects of mindfulness on functional limitation and quality of life through pain were significant.
The findings underscore the vital role of mindfulness in improving the quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
生活质量被认为是脊髓损伤患者康复后最全面的社会心理适应结果。文献表明，脊髓损伤患者的生活质量由许多个人和心理因素决定，包括正念。本研究旨在确定正念对脊髓损伤患者生活质量的直接和间接影响。
参与者包括美国三个脊髓损伤组织的 231 名成员：美国脊髓损伤协会、北美脊髓损伤联合会和美国威斯康星州瘫痪退伍军人协会。参与者在在线 Qualtrics 调查中完成了一组标准化的自我报告问卷。进行分层回归分析，以确定正念对生活质量的贡献，控制社会人口统计学和损伤相关因素。进行了一系列中介分析，以检验正念对生活质量的间接影响。
在分层回归分析中，社会人口统计学和损伤相关因素（即年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育、就业、损伤水平和完整性、合并症、住院频率、疼痛强度和功能限制）和正念解释了脊髓损伤参与者生活质量的 59%的方差。正念在社会人口统计学和损伤相关变量之外，对更高的生活质量有独特的贡献。在序列中介分析中，疼痛和功能限制并不能显著中介正念与生活质量之间的关系。然而，正念通过疼痛对功能限制和生活质量的间接影响是显著的。
这些发现强调了正念在改善脊髓损伤患者生活质量方面的重要作用。讨论了这些发现对未来研究和临床实践的意义。
