Min Lei, Jiang Wentao, Li Zhongyou, Li Xiao, Wei Junru, Diao Junjie, Bai Taoping, Yan Fei
Department of Mechanics & Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P. R. China.
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Oct 25;39(5):991-996. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202203064.
Lower limb amputation is a significant change in body structure. Loss of muscle, blood vessels, and blood leads to a redistribution of blood flow and changes in resistance at the end of blood vessels. In view of the significant increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease after lower limb amputation, the mechanism of which is still unclear, this study aims to establish an animal research model that can verify and explore the effects of amputation on cardiovascular system, and provide the experimental basis for subsequent animal experiments when exploring the effect of different amputation levels on the cardiovascular system. SPF New Zealand rabbits were divided into normal group ( = 6) and amputation group ( = 6). The amputation group was treated with above-knee amputation. The changes of low-density liptein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum of all the rabbits were monitored regularly after the surgery. The arterial pathological examination was conducted after the experimental rabbits were executed. The results showed that compared with the normal group, serum LDL-C content and TC content in the amputation group were significantly increased ( <0.05); The blood vessels of the amputated rabbits had pathological changes such as degeneration and necrosis of smooth muscle cells in the middle membrane layer and rupture of elastic fibers. At the abdominal aorta and aortic arch, the elastic fiber area expression percentage (EFEP) of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the normal group. The results suggest that the cardiovascular system of rabbits has the tendency of decreased arterial elasticity and lipid deposition in blood after amputation, indicating that the animal research model on the effect of amputation on the cardiovascular system has been successfully established, and can provide an experimental platform for further study on the mechanism of the effect of amputation on the cardiovascular system.
下肢截肢是身体结构的重大改变。肌肉、血管和血液的丧失导致血流重新分布以及血管末端阻力的变化。鉴于下肢截肢后心血管疾病患病率显著增加，但其机制仍不清楚，本研究旨在建立一种动物研究模型，以验证和探索截肢对心血管系统的影响，并在探索不同截肢水平对心血管系统的影响时为后续动物实验提供实验依据。将SPF级新西兰兔分为正常组（n = 6）和截肢组（n = 6）。截肢组进行膝上截肢。术后定期监测所有兔子血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和总胆固醇（TC）的变化。实验兔处死后进行动脉病理检查。结果显示，与正常组相比，截肢组血清LDL-C含量和TC含量显著升高（P<0.05）；截肢兔血管出现病理变化，如中膜层平滑肌细胞变性坏死、弹性纤维断裂。在腹主动脉和主动脉弓处，实验组的弹性纤维面积表达百分比（EFEP）显著低于正常组。结果表明，截肢后兔心血管系统有动脉弹性降低和血液中脂质沉积的趋势，表明截肢对心血管系统影响的动物研究模型已成功建立，可为进一步研究截肢对心血管系统影响的机制提供实验平台。
