Nicklas T A, Frank G C, Webber L S, Zinkgraf S A, Cresanta J L, Gatewood L C, Berenson G S
Am J Public Health. 1987 Oct;77(10):1320-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.77.10.1320.
Racial differences in hemoglobin (Hgb) levels were explored in two groups of children at different maturational stages, the pre-adolescent (10-year-olds: Whites n = 160, Blacks n = 56,) and the adolescent (15-year-olds; Whites n = 60, Blacks n = 44). Mean Hgb levels were higher for Whites than Blacks in both age groups. When all the dietary components (i.e., iron, zinc, copper, folacin, ascorbic acid and vitamins B12, E and B6) were considered as a group, they accounted for 8.4 per cent of the Hgb variance in 10-year-olds and 10.1 per cent of variance in 15-year-olds. However, even after controlling for the variations in dietary patterns of the adolescents and pre-adolescents, race still accounted for a notable proportion of Hgb variance in both age groups (9.1 per cent in 10-year-olds and 7.0 per cent in 15-year-olds). Within each race, gender accounted for a greater percentage of the Hgb variance in the adolescents than in the pre-adolescents. Our results indicate that in all likelihood racial differences in Hgb levels during childhood exist independent of racial differences in intake of specific "blood building" nutrients and maturational changes.
在两组处于不同成熟阶段的儿童中探讨了血红蛋白（Hgb）水平的种族差异，即青春期前儿童（10岁：白人n = 160，黑人n = 56）和青少年（15岁；白人n = 60，黑人n = 44）。在两个年龄组中，白人的平均Hgb水平均高于黑人。当将所有饮食成分（即铁、锌、铜、叶酸、抗坏血酸以及维生素B12、E和B6）作为一个整体考虑时，它们在10岁儿童的Hgb差异中占8.4%，在15岁儿童的差异中占10.1%。然而，即使在控制了青少年和青春期前儿童饮食模式的差异之后，种族在两个年龄组的Hgb差异中仍占相当大的比例（10岁儿童中占9.1%，15岁儿童中占7.0%）。在每个种族内部，性别在青少年的Hgb差异中所占的百分比高于青春期前儿童。我们的结果表明，儿童期Hgb水平的种族差异很可能独立于特定“造血”营养素摄入量的种族差异和成熟变化而存在。
