Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Psychol Med. 2023 Oct;53(13):6037-6045. doi: 10.1017/S003329172200321X. Epub 2022 Nov 2.
Abnormal auditory processing of deviant stimuli, as reflected by mismatch negativity (MMN), is often reported in schizophrenia (SCZ). At present, it is still under debate whether this dysfunctional response is specific to the full-blown SCZ diagnosis or rather a marker of psychosis in general. The present study tested MMN in patients with SCZ, bipolar disorder (BD), first episode of psychosis (FEP), and in people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR).
Source-based MEG activity evoked during a passive auditory oddball task was recorded from 135 patients grouped according to diagnosis (SCZ, BD, FEP, and CHR) and 135 healthy controls also divided into four subgroups, age- and gender-matched with diagnostic subgroups. The magnetic MMN (mMMN) was analyzed as event-related field (ERF), Theta power, and Theta inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC).
The clinical group as a whole showed reduced mMMN ERF amplitude, Theta power, and Theta ITPC, without any statistically significant interaction between diagnosis and mMMN reductions. The mMMN subgroup contrasts showed lower ERF amplitude in all the diagnostic subgroups. In the analysis of Theta frequency, SCZ showed significant power and ITPC reductions, while only indications of diminished ITPC were observed in CHR, but no significant decreases characterized BD and FEP.
Significant mMMN alterations in people experiencing psychosis, also for diagnoses other than SCZ, suggest that this neurophysiological response may be a feature shared across psychotic disorders. Additionally, reduced Theta ITPC may be associated with risk for psychosis.
失匹配负波（MMN）反映了对偏差刺激的异常听觉处理，在精神分裂症（SCZ）中经常被报道。目前，这种功能障碍反应是否专门针对完全发作的 SCZ 诊断，还是普遍精神病的标志物，仍存在争议。本研究测试了 SCZ、双相情感障碍（BD）、首发精神病（FEP）患者以及精神病高危人群（CHR）的 MMN。
使用被动听觉Oddball 任务记录源基 MEG 活动，参与者为根据诊断分组的 135 名患者（SCZ、BD、FEP 和 CHR）和 135 名健康对照者，他们也分为四个亚组，按年龄和性别与诊断亚组匹配。分析磁源性 MMN（mMMN）作为事件相关场（ERF）、θ功率和θ跨试次相位相干性（ITPC）。
整个临床组显示 mMMN ERF 振幅、θ功率和θ ITPC 降低，诊断与 mMMN 降低之间没有任何统计学显著的相互作用。mMMN 亚组对比显示所有诊断亚组的 ERF 振幅均降低。在θ频率分析中，SCZ 显示出显著的功率和 ITPC 降低，而 CHR 仅表现出 ITPC 降低的迹象，BD 和 FEP 则没有明显的降低。
经历精神病的个体，包括非 SCZ 诊断，都存在显著的 mMMN 改变，这表明这种神经生理反应可能是各种精神病障碍的共同特征。此外，θ ITPC 降低可能与精神病风险相关。
