Zhang Dandan, Yang Haibin, Jiang Ling, Zhao Chan, Wang Mengjun, Hu Boyi, Yu Cong, Wei Zhiyi, Tse Yu Chung
School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Cell Death Discov. 2022 Nov 3;8(1):441. doi: 10.1038/s41420-022-01233-9.
Apoptosis is one of the major forms of programmed cell death, and it serves vital biological functions in multicellular animal and plant cells. The core mechanism of apoptosis is highly conserved in metazoans, where the translocation of CED-4/Apaf-1 from mitochondria to the nuclear membrane is required to initiate and execute apoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this translocation are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that SAO-1 binds DLC-1 and prevents its degradation to promote apoptosis in C. elegans germ cells. We demonstrated that SAO-1 and DLC-1 regulate CED-4/Apaf-1 nuclear membrane accumulation during apoptosis. Isothermal titration calorimetry-based assay and high-resolution crystal structure analysis further revealed that SAO-1 interacted with DLC-1 to form a 2:4 complex: each of the two β-sheets in the SAO-1 peptide interacted with two DLC-1 dimers. Point mutations at the SAO-1-DLC-1 binding interface significantly inhibited apoptotic corpse formation and CED-4 nuclear membrane accumulation within C. elegans germ cells. In conclusion, our study provides a new perspective on the regulation of CED-4-mediated apoptosis.
细胞凋亡是程序性细胞死亡的主要形式之一,在多细胞动植物细胞中发挥着重要的生物学功能。细胞凋亡的核心机制在后生动物中高度保守,其中CED-4/Apaf-1从线粒体转移到核膜是启动和执行细胞凋亡所必需的。然而,这种转移的潜在分子机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们表明SAO-1与DLC-1结合并阻止其降解,从而促进秀丽隐杆线虫生殖细胞中的细胞凋亡。我们证明,SAO-1和DLC-1在细胞凋亡过程中调节CED-4/Apaf-1在核膜上的积累。基于等温滴定量热法的测定和高分辨率晶体结构分析进一步表明,SAO-1与DLC-1相互作用形成2:4复合物:SAO-1肽中的两个β折叠分别与两个DLC-1二聚体相互作用。SAO-1-DLC-1结合界面处的点突变显著抑制了秀丽隐杆线虫生殖细胞内凋亡小体的形成和CED-4在核膜上的积累。总之,我们的研究为CED-4介导的细胞凋亡调控提供了新的视角。