Wang Xiao, Yang Xuejiao, Yuan Xiang, Wang Wenbo, Wang Yueying
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Exp Hematol Oncol. 2022 Nov 2;11(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s40164-022-00341-7.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cells have obtained prominent achievement in the clinical immunotherapy of hematological malignant tumors, leading to a rapid development of cellular immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Scientists are also aware of the prospective advantages of CAR engineering in cellular immunotherapy. Due to various limitations such as the serious side effects of CAR-T therapy, researchers began to investigate other immune cells for CAR modification. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical innate immune cells with the characteristic of non-specifically recognizing target cells and with the potential to become "off-the-shelf" products. In recent years, many preclinical studies on CAR-engineered NK (CAR-NK) cells have shown their remarkable efficacy in cancer therapy and their superiority over autologous CAR-T cells. In this review, we summarize the generation, mechanisms of anti-tumor activity and unique advantages of CAR-NK cells, and then analyze some challenges and recent clinical trials about CAR-NK cells therapy. We believe that CAR-NK therapy is a promising prospect for cancer immunotherapy in the future.
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程化T（CAR-T）细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤的临床免疫治疗中取得了显著成就，推动了细胞免疫疗法在癌症治疗中的快速发展。科学家们也意识到CAR工程在细胞免疫治疗中的潜在优势。由于CAR-T疗法存在严重副作用等各种局限性，研究人员开始探索对其他免疫细胞进行CAR修饰。自然杀伤（NK）细胞是关键的固有免疫细胞，具有非特异性识别靶细胞的特性，并且有潜力成为“现货”产品。近年来，许多关于CAR工程化NK（CAR-NK）细胞的临床前研究表明，它们在癌症治疗中具有显著疗效，并且优于自体CAR-T细胞。在本综述中，我们总结了CAR-NK细胞的产生、抗肿瘤活性机制和独特优势，然后分析了CAR-NK细胞疗法面临的一些挑战和近期临床试验情况。我们相信，CAR-NK疗法是未来癌症免疫治疗的一个有前景的方向。
