Díaz-Rueda Pablo, Peinado-Torrubia Procopio, Durán-Gutiérrez Francisco J, Alcántara-Romano Pilar, Aguado Ana, Capote Nieves, Colmenero-Flores José M
Plant Ion and Water Regulation Group, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS, CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA) Center Las Torres, Seville, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 17;13:1032489. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032489. eCollection 2022.
The identification of rootstocks of low susceptibility to can become a valuable procedure to achieve effective control of Verticillium wilt in the olive grove. This not only involves the identification of suitable genotypes, but also the study of the interaction between the rootstock and the grafted scion. Thus, a rootstock that prevents or minimizes proliferation (avoidance/resistance strategy) can have very different effects on a susceptible scion compared to a rootstock that shows few or no symptoms despite being infected (tolerance strategy). Both resistance and tolerance mechanisms have been recently identified in wild olive genotypes with low susceptibility to . When used as rootstocks of the highly susceptible variety 'Picual', we found that resistant genotypes, including the cultivar 'Frantoio', were more effective than tolerant genotypes in controlling Verticillium wilt. Furthermore, tolerant genotypes were as ineffective as susceptible or extremely susceptible genotypes in controlling Verticillium wilt. We also identified rootstock-scion combinations with behaviours that were not expected according to the degree of susceptibility previously observed in the non-grafted rootstock. Although the rootstocks were able to control Verticillium wilt according to its degree of susceptibility to , the ability to control the infection was not adequately transferred to the grafted scion. Our results confirmed that: the degree of susceptibility to Verticillium wilt of an olive variety does not predict its performance as a rootstock; to use a very low susceptible genotype as rootstock of a susceptible scion increases the susceptibility of the genotype used as rootstock; in any case, avoidant/resistant rootstocks are more effective than tolerant rootstocks in reducing the susceptibility of the grafted plant to .
鉴定对[病原体名称未给出]低敏感性的砧木，可能成为有效控制橄榄园黄萎病的一项重要措施。这不仅涉及鉴定合适的基因型，还包括研究砧木与嫁接接穗之间的相互作用。因此，与尽管受到感染但几乎不表现症状或无症状的砧木（耐受策略）相比，能够阻止或最小化[病原体名称未给出]增殖的砧木（避病/抗病策略）对易感接穗可能会产生截然不同的影响。最近在对[病原体名称未给出]低敏感性的野生橄榄基因型中已鉴定出抗病和耐受机制。当用作高度易感品种“皮夸尔”的砧木时，我们发现包括“弗兰托伊奥”品种在内的抗病基因型在控制黄萎病方面比耐受基因型更有效。此外，耐受基因型在控制黄萎病方面与易感或极易感基因型一样无效。我们还鉴定出一些砧木 - 接穗组合，其表现与之前在未嫁接砧木中观察到的敏感性程度所预期的不同。尽管砧木能够根据其对[病原体名称未给出]的敏感性程度控制黄萎病，但控制感染的能力并未充分传递给嫁接接穗。我们的结果证实：橄榄品种对黄萎病的敏感程度并不能预测其作为砧木的表现；使用对[病原体名称未给出]极低敏感性的基因型作为易感接穗的砧木会增加用作砧木的基因型的易感性；在任何情况下，避病/抗病砧木在降低嫁接植物对[病原体名称未给出]的易感性方面比耐受砧木更有效。
