Bowles Alexander M C, Williamson Christopher J, Williams Tom A, Lenton Timothy M, Donoghue Philip C J
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK; Bristol Palaeobiology Group, School of Biological Sciences and School of Earth Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK.
Trends Plant Sci. 2023 Mar;28(3):312-329. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.09.009. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Plant (archaeplastid) evolution has transformed the biosphere, but we are only now beginning to learn how this took place through comparative genomics, phylogenetics, and the fossil record. This has illuminated the phylogeny of Archaeplastida, Viridiplantae, and Streptophyta, and has resolved the evolution of key characters, genes, and genomes - revealing that many key innovations evolved long before the clades with which they have been casually associated. Molecular clock analyses estimate that Streptophyta and Viridiplantae emerged in the late Mesoproterozoic to late Neoproterozoic, whereas Archaeplastida emerged in the late-mid Palaeoproterozoic. Together, these insights inform on the coevolution of plants and the Earth system that transformed ecology and global biogeochemical cycles, increased weathering, and precipitated snowball Earth events, during which they would have been key to oxygen production and net primary productivity (NPP).
植物（古质体）的演化改变了生物圈，但直到现在我们才开始通过比较基因组学、系统发育学和化石记录来了解这一过程是如何发生的。这阐明了古质体、绿藻门和链形植物的系统发育，并解析了关键特征、基因和基因组的演化——揭示出许多关键创新早在与其随意关联的分支出现之前就已演化出来。分子钟分析估计，链形植物和绿藻门出现在中元古代晚期到晚新元古代，而古质体出现在古元古代中晚期。这些见解共同为植物与地球系统的共同演化提供了信息，这种共同演化改变了生态和全球生物地球化学循环，增加了风化作用，并引发了雪球地球事件，在此期间它们对于氧气产生和净初级生产力（NPP）至关重要。
