Department of Psychology, PO Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2022 Dec;98:102214. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102214. Epub 2022 Oct 21.
Frick (2022) presented a narrative review of some literature and made several critical comments regarding the extension of the full psychopathy construct to research and classification of childhood disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs). His arguments cautioned against the use of the multicomponent concept of psychopathy for specification of DBDs for several reasons including definitional issues, symptom sequencing, specifier versus risk factor considerations, potential overlap with other disorders and criteria (e.g., ADHD), and concerns regarding harm. While I agree with Frick (2022) that we need to be cautious when extending personality constructs to the DBDs, the remaining arguments in his paper fall short of calling for the exclusion of psychopathy components in the examination of DBDs. Rather, the counterpoints in this paper further convince that the multidimensional model of psychopathy, when applied to the DBDs, could better facilitate understanding of the etiology and mechanisms for Conduct Disorder (CD), and, it may help us to predict the prognosis and treatment outcomes of children with various forms of DBDs such as CD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). To have the most informative designs, future research should examine the broad construct to glean a better understanding of psychopathy and the DBDs. Further, research should continue to examine sequencing and external correlates at the component level and to test the incremental value of the multicomponent model of psychopathy to help us better comprehend how each component may facilitate our understanding of the types and severity of conduct problems exhibited by youth with DBDs (i.e., CD, ODD).
弗里克(2022 年)对一些文献进行了叙述性回顾,并就将完整的精神病态结构扩展到儿童破坏性行为障碍(DBD)的研究和分类提出了一些批评意见。他的论点告诫人们不要出于以下几个原因将精神病态的多成分概念用于 DBD 的指定:定义问题、症状序列、特定因素与风险因素的考虑、与其他障碍和标准(例如,ADHD)的潜在重叠以及对伤害的关注。虽然我同意弗里克(2022 年)的观点,即我们在将人格结构扩展到 DBD 时需要谨慎,但他论文中的其余论点并没有呼吁在检查 DBD 时排除精神病态成分。相反,本文中的反驳观点进一步证明,当将精神病态的多维模型应用于 DBD 时,可以更好地帮助我们理解品行障碍的病因和机制,并且可能有助于我们预测具有各种形式的 DBD(如品行障碍和对立违抗性障碍)的儿童的预后和治疗结果。为了获得最具信息性的设计,未来的研究应该检查广泛的结构,以更好地理解精神病态和 DBD。此外,研究应继续在组件级别上检查序列和外部相关性,并测试精神病态的多成分模型的增量价值,以帮助我们更好地理解每个组件如何促进我们对具有 DBD 的年轻人表现出的行为问题的类型和严重程度的理解(即品行障碍、对立违抗性障碍)。