Yoo Sung-Yeon, Nam Hyung-Kyu, Hwang Jong-Kyung, Yoo Jeong-Chil, Kwon In-Ki
Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Current address: Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
Zool Stud. 2022 Aug 12;61:e35. doi: 10.6620/ZS.2022.61-35. eCollection 2022.
Rice fields are important habitats for a variety of water birds, and their importance is increasing with the destruction of natural wetlands. This study was conducted to understand the foraging strategy of the black-faced spoonbill, an internationally endangered species, in rice fields. To achieve this objective, the feeding success rate of black-faced spoonbills in rice fields was analyzed considering the species' feeding behavior, environmental factors, and external factors. The number of sweeps per minute and number of steps per minute were evaluated as features of feeding behavior; rice field type, water level, and rice height as environmental factors; and the size of a flock and number of other species in the fields when black-faced spoonbills were feeding as external factors. The feeding success rate of the black-faced spoonbills increased as they were feeding while moving at a fast pace in a rice field with a water level of 10 cm or below, rice height of 15 cm, and without herons (competitor species). These factors may be an effective strategy to increase the probability of food acquisition by black-faced spoonbills in rice fields. Therefore, to allow black-faced spoonbills during breeding season to use the rice fields for feeding, it is necessary to maintain a water level of 15 cm or less before transplanting rice. Moreover, the use of pesticides must be minimized to increase abundance of the food resources in rice fields.
稻田是各种水鸟的重要栖息地，随着天然湿地的破坏，其重要性日益增加。本研究旨在了解国际濒危物种黑面琵鹭在稻田中的觅食策略。为实现这一目标，结合黑面琵鹭的觅食行为、环境因素和外部因素，分析了其在稻田中的觅食成功率。每分钟的扫动次数和每分钟的步数被评估为觅食行为特征；稻田类型、水位和稻株高度作为环境因素；黑面琵鹭觅食时的鸟群规模和稻田中其他物种的数量作为外部因素。当黑面琵鹭在水位10厘米及以下、稻株高度15厘米且没有苍鹭（竞争物种）的稻田中快速移动觅食时，其觅食成功率会提高。这些因素可能是提高黑面琵鹭在稻田中获取食物概率的有效策略。因此，为了让繁殖季节的黑面琵鹭利用稻田觅食，在水稻移栽前有必要将水位保持在15厘米或更低。此外，必须尽量减少农药的使用，以增加稻田中食物资源的丰富度。
