Sarfraz Muhammad Hassan, Shahid Aqsa, Asghar Samra, Aslam Bilal, Ashfaq Usman Ali, Raza Hammad, Prieto Miguel A, Simal-Gandara Jesus, Barba Francisco J, Rajoka Muhammad Shahid Riaz, Khurshid Mohsin, Nashwan Abdulqadir J
Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Front Mol Biosci. 2022 Oct 18;9:1038830. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1038830. eCollection 2022.
During the previous few years, the relationship between the gut microbiota, metabolic disorders, and diet has come to light, especially due to the understanding of the mechanisms that particularly link the gut microbiota with obesity in animal models and clinical trials. Research has led to the understanding that the responses of individuals to dietary inputs vary remarkably therefore no single diet can be suggested to every individual. The variations are attributed to differences in the microbiome and host characteristics. In general, it is believed that the immanent nature of host-derived factors makes them difficult to modulate. However, diet can more easily shape the microbiome, potentially influencing human physiology through modulation of digestion, absorption, mucosal immune response, and the availability of bioactive compounds. Thus, diet could be useful to influence the physiology of the host, as well as to ameliorate various disorders. In the present study, we have described recent developments in understanding the disparities of gut microbiota populations between individuals and the primary role of diet-microbiota interactions in modulating human physiology. A deeper understanding of these relationships can be useful for proposing personalized nutrition strategies and nutrition-based therapeutic interventions to improve human health.
在过去几年中，肠道微生物群、代谢紊乱和饮食之间的关系已被揭示，这尤其得益于在动物模型和临床试验中对将肠道微生物群与肥胖特别联系起来的机制的理解。研究已使人们认识到，个体对饮食摄入的反应差异显著，因此无法向每个人推荐单一的饮食。这些差异归因于微生物组和宿主特征的不同。一般来说，人们认为宿主衍生因素的内在性质使其难以调节。然而，饮食可以更轻松地塑造微生物组，可能通过调节消化、吸收、黏膜免疫反应和生物活性化合物的可用性来影响人体生理。因此，饮食可能有助于影响宿主的生理，以及改善各种疾病。在本研究中，我们描述了在理解个体间肠道微生物群种群差异以及饮食 - 微生物群相互作用在调节人体生理中的主要作用方面的最新进展。对这些关系的更深入理解有助于提出个性化营养策略和基于营养的治疗干预措施，以改善人类健康。
