Amodio Emanuele, Calamusa Giuseppe, Tiralongo Salvatore, Lombardo Federica, Genovese Dario
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo (Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy).
AIMS Public Health. 2022 May 11;9(3):458-470. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2022031. eCollection 2022.
Although foodborne infections contracted at home are frequent diseases worldwide, there is a general lack of information. Main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of a sample of the general Sicilian population about the risk of contracting foodborne diseases. It was carried out through a web-based questionnaire to a Sicilian population sample. The questionnaire collected socio-demographic data, health issues, KAP and self-reported diseases. Scores were calculated for summarizing the results. A total of 373 subjects participated into the study. Overall, 65.15% of the participants were females, 48.26% of all respondents were aged between 18 and 29 years and over one-third were students (34.58%). At least one episode of vomiting/diarrhoea in the previous 3 months was reported by 119 respondents. Practices were associated with knowledge (R = 0.02; p < 0.01) and attitudes (R = 0.13; p < 0.001) although with low degree of correlation. A lower practice score was statistically significantly associated with both onset of foodborne transmitted infections in participants and among the cohabitants of participants. Our results confirm that foodborne disease can be strongly associated with food handling at home and with unsafe practices. Specific education on food safety could help to reduce the risk but the adoption of good practices of food manipulation is the real key to assure a reduction in food outbreaks in residences.
尽管在家中感染食源性疾病在全球范围内都是常见疾病，但普遍缺乏相关信息。这项横断面研究的主要目的是评估西西里岛普通人群样本对感染食源性疾病风险的知识、态度和行为（KAP）。研究通过对西西里岛人群样本进行网络问卷调查来开展。问卷收集了社会人口统计学数据、健康问题、KAP和自我报告的疾病。通过计算得分来总结结果。共有373名受试者参与了该研究。总体而言，65.15%的参与者为女性，48.26%的受访者年龄在18至29岁之间，超过三分之一是学生（34.58%）。119名受访者报告在过去3个月中至少有一次呕吐/腹泻发作。行为与知识（R = 0.02；p < 0.01）和态度（R = 0.13；p < 0.001）相关，尽管相关性程度较低。较低的行为得分在统计学上与参与者及其同居者中食源性传播感染的发病均显著相关。我们的结果证实，食源性疾病可能与在家中处理食物以及不安全行为密切相关。食品安全方面的特定教育有助于降低风险，但采用良好的食物处理习惯才是确保减少家庭中食物暴发的真正关键。
