Federal Institute of Piauí, Campus Pedro II, Piauí 64255-000, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 7;17(13):4897. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134897.
This study aimed to analyze the food safety conditions in home kitchens from the Brazilian Federal District. A previously validated instrument composed of 77 items (in four blocks) was used to evaluate the safety conditions in home kitchens. A survey was carried out with on-site application with 226 home kitchens' food handlers in the Federal District, Brazil to evaluate Brazilian home kitchens' good practices. Of the home kitchen food handlers, most of them were female (64.6%), had completed undergraduate education (29.2%), and were 45-59 years old (23.5%). The visited households had an average of 3.38 ± 1.48 residents that ate some of their meals at home, and 40% declared the monthly family income to be between 5 and 15 Brazilian minimum wages (MW). Regarding the reliability of the instrument, from the KR-20 test, it was verified that the instrument presents good internal consistency (α = 0.758). According to the instrument classification, the home kitchens' sample was considered as at a medium risk of food contamination (46.5% of them presented from 51 to 75% of conformities to the instrument). There was a statistical difference between house-kitchens with a family income from zero to one minimum wage (MW) and those receiving from 5 to 15 MW ( = 0.017), as well as between those from zero to one MW and who earn above 15 MW ( = 0.009). The result of the on-site evaluation shows that the instrument was able to measure food safety conditions in Brazilian Federal District domestic kitchens. Such findings can contribute positively to the development of actions in health education that help in the adoption of good practices of food manipulation and, consequently, in the reduction in foodborne disease outbreaks in residences.
本研究旨在分析巴西联邦区家庭厨房的食品安全状况。使用先前经过验证的、由 77 个项目（分为四个部分）组成的仪器来评估家庭厨房的安全状况。在巴西联邦区，对 226 个家庭厨房的食品处理人员进行了现场应用调查，以评估巴西家庭厨房的良好做法。在家庭厨房的食品处理人员中，大多数是女性（64.6%），具有本科教育背景（29.2%），年龄在 45-59 岁（23.5%）。被访问的家庭平均有 3.38±1.48 名居民在家中用餐，40%的家庭宣称月家庭收入在 5 至 15 个巴西最低工资（MW）之间。关于仪器的可靠性，通过 KR-20 测试，验证了仪器具有良好的内部一致性（α=0.758）。根据仪器分类，家庭厨房样本被认为具有中等程度的食物污染风险（46.5%的样本符合仪器的 51%至 75%的规定）。家庭收入为零至一个 MW 的家庭厨房与收入为 5 至 15 MW 的家庭厨房之间（ = 0.017）以及收入为零至一个 MW 的家庭厨房与收入超过 15 MW 的家庭厨房之间（ = 0.009）存在统计学差异。现场评估的结果表明，该仪器能够测量巴西联邦区家庭厨房的食品安全状况。这些发现可以为健康教育行动的发展做出积极贡献，有助于采取良好的食品操作实践，从而减少住宅内食源性疾病的爆发。
