Çamkaya Serhat, Karaaslan Abdulkerim, Uçan Fatih
Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
Department of Econometrics, Facultyof Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(9):23925-23937. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23923-8. Epub 2022 Nov 4.
Reducing environmental pollution is a highly important issue that must be resolved globally. Improving human capital (HC) can significantly contribute to lowering environmental pollution. Using the Fourier ADL (FADL) method, this study examines the long-term effect of HC on carbon emissions (CO emissions) and ecological footprint (EF) in Turkey from 1980 to 2018. In addition, the study examined the long-term effects of economic growth (GDP), financial development (FD), and globalization (KOF) on CO emissions and EF. According to empirical results, HC has a negative effect on both CO emissions and EF. Furthermore, the findings indicate that GDP and FD have a positive effect on CO emissions and EF, whereas KOF has no statistically significant effect on CO emissions and negative EF. According to the FFFF-TY causality test results, there is bidirectional causality between FD and EF and a unidirectional causality from HC to EF and from EF to KOF. This study underlines the importance of human capital in improving environmental quality in Turkey. In this context, the results of this study will assist policy makers in the development of precise policies to enhance human capital in order to improve environmental quality.
减少环境污染是一个必须在全球范围内解决的极其重要的问题。提升人力资本（HC）能够显著有助于降低环境污染。本研究运用傅里叶自回归分布滞后（FADL）方法，考察了1980年至2018年土耳其人力资本对碳排放（CO排放）和生态足迹（EF）的长期影响。此外，该研究还考察了经济增长（GDP）、金融发展（FD）和全球化（KOF）对CO排放和EF的长期影响。根据实证结果，人力资本对CO排放和EF均有负面影响。此外，研究结果表明，GDP和FD对CO排放和EF有正面影响，而KOF对CO排放和负面EF没有统计学上的显著影响。根据FFF-TY因果关系检验结果，FD与EF之间存在双向因果关系，从HC到EF以及从EF到KOF存在单向因果关系。本研究强调了人力资本在改善土耳其环境质量方面的重要性。在此背景下，本研究结果将有助于政策制定者制定精准政策以提升人力资本，从而改善环境质量。
