培训四年级医学生照顾阿片类药物使用障碍患者：这种培训如何影响他们在住院期间寻求成瘾治疗机会的意愿。
Preparing fourth year medical students to care for patients with opioid use disorder: how this training affects their intention to seek addiction care opportunities during residency.
机构信息
Division of General Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, Section of Addiction Medicine, Wise Fellow in General Internal Medicine, Portland, OR, USA.
出版信息
Med Educ Online. 2023 Dec;28(1):2141602. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2022.2141602.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: In 2021, the USA recorded 100,000 annual deaths from drug overdose, representing the most frequent cause of death in adults under age 55. The integration of care for substance use disorders (SUDs) into undergraduate medical education is not well established. It is unclear whether a short course on management of opioid use disorder (OUD) offered to fourth year medical students could increase graduating students' knowledge and preparedness to treat these disorders.
METHODS
We designed a 2-hour interactive case-based session on patient care for OUD and delivered it virtually as part of a Transition to Residency course. A retrospective pre-/post-test assessment instrument determined the impact of this session on students' perceived knowledge, confidence, and intention to seek further educational opportunities for OUD.
RESULTS
Of 144 participants, 58 students (40.3%) completed the retrospective pre-/post- survey. There were statistically significant improvements in perceived knowledge and attitudes on the 12-item survey. The largest gains in perceived knowledge on a 5-point scale occurred in the categories regarding buprenorphine induction ( < 0.001), managing inpatient opioid withdrawal ( < 0.001), and the role of methadone in treating withdrawal ( < 0.001). All (n = 58) survey respondents would recommend the training to a colleague and felt that the session would benefit their professional practice. Over 90% (93.1%) of respondents planned on seeking additional SUD learning opportunities during residency.
CONCLUSIONS
A 2-hour interactive case-based teaching session delivered to medical students improved perceived knowledge, attitudes, and future interest in obtaining education around OUD. As the opioid epidemic shows no sign of abating, we would advocate for the inclusion SUD education as part of Transition to Residency courses.
背景与目的
2021 年，美国因药物过量导致的年死亡人数达到 10 万，这是 55 岁以下成年人最常见的死因。将物质使用障碍（SUD）的护理整合到本科医学教育中尚未得到很好的建立。目前尚不清楚向四年级医学生提供关于阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）管理的短期课程是否会增加即将毕业的学生治疗这些障碍的知识和准备程度。
方法
我们设计了一个 2 小时的互动案例式 OUD 患者护理课程，并作为住院医师过渡课程的一部分以虚拟方式进行。回顾性的预/后测试评估工具确定了该课程对学生感知知识、信心和寻求 OUD 进一步教育机会的意愿的影响。
结果
在 144 名参与者中，有 58 名学生（40.3%）完成了回顾性的预/后调查。在 12 项调查中，感知知识和态度都有统计学上的显著提高。在关于丁丙诺啡诱导（<0.001）、管理住院患者阿片类药物戒断（<0.001）和美沙酮在治疗戒断中的作用（<0.001）的类别中，感知知识的增长最大。所有（n=58）调查受访者都愿意向同事推荐培训，并认为该课程将有益于他们的专业实践。超过 90%（93.1%）的受访者计划在住院医师期间寻求更多 SUD 学习机会。
结论
向医学生提供的 2 小时互动案例式教学课程提高了对 OUD 的感知知识、态度和未来获得教育的兴趣。随着阿片类药物流行没有减弱的迹象，我们将倡导将 SUD 教育纳入住院医师过渡课程。
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