Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, and National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Department of Human Science and Quality of Life Promition, Università Telematica San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Poult Sci. 2023 Jan;102(1):102237. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102237. Epub 2022 Oct 10.
The current study was performed to explore the effects of dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate (SCH) on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health in broiler chicken. A total of 300 Ross 308 male broilers (1-day-old) were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments including a basal diet (control group), and a basal diet supplemented with SCH feed additive (500 mg/kg in starter and grower phase, and 250 mg/kg in finisher phase). Each treatment had 6 replicates with 25 birds each. The results showed that the addition of SCH promoted growth during d 15 to 28 (P < 0.05). Although the addition of SCH had no significant effect on the intestinal relative indexes, it significantly increased the jejunum villus height (VH) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VCR) of jejunum, and decreased the crypt depth (CD) of ileum (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SCH addition significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of immunomodulatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and upregulated the tight junction genes (ZO-1 and Claudin-1) (P < 0.05). High throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA revealed that dietary SCH supplementation altered cecum microbiota. Alpha diversity analysis showed that a higher bacterial richness in cecum of broilers fed with SCH. The composition of cecum microbiota regulated by SCH addition was characterized by an increased abundance of Firmicutes and a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, dietary SCH resulted in a decrease of Bacteroides and an increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) -producing bacteria including Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium. Taken together, dietary SCH supplementation can stimulate the growth of broilers by regulating the intestinal immunity and barrier function, and improving the intestinal morphology, which may be related to the enhancement of bacterial diversity and the changes of intestinal microbial composition.
本研究旨在探讨饲粮中添加酿酒酵母水解物（SCH）对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和肠道健康的影响。将 300 只 1 日龄 Ross 308 雄性肉鸡随机分为 2 个饲粮处理组，分别为基础饲粮（对照组）和基础饲粮添加 SCH 饲料添加剂组（生长期和育肥期添加 500mg/kg，育肥后期添加 250mg/kg）。每个处理组设 6 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸡。结果表明，添加 SCH 促进了 15 至 28 日龄的生长（P < 0.05）。尽管添加 SCH 对肠道相对指数没有显著影响，但显著增加了空肠绒毛高度（VH）和空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值（VCR），并降低了回肠隐窝深度（CD）（P < 0.05）。此外，添加 SCH 显著下调了免疫调节基因（TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6）的 mRNA 表达，上调了紧密连接基因（ZO-1 和 Claudin-1）（P < 0.05）。细菌 16S rRNA 的高通量测序分析表明，饲粮中添加 SCH 改变了盲肠微生物群。α多样性分析表明，SCH 组盲肠的细菌丰富度较高。SCH 添加对盲肠微生物群组成的调节表现为厚壁菌门丰度增加，拟杆菌门丰度降低。在属水平上，饲粮 SCH 导致拟杆菌减少，短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产生菌如乳杆菌和粪杆菌增加。总之，饲粮中添加 SCH 通过调节肠道免疫和屏障功能，改善肠道形态，从而刺激肉鸡生长，这可能与增强细菌多样性和肠道微生物组成的变化有关。
