Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Dec;102(6):929-946. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2022.06.001.
Breast pain is a common symptom in most women during their lifetime, and many times is self-limited. Mastalgia is categorized into 3 main groups: cyclic, noncyclic and extramammary. A good history, examination and targeted imaging can help to delineate the underlying cause of mastalgia and therefore guide treatment options. Diet, medications, stress, hormonal fluctuations, and an ill-fitting bra can be contributing factors for physiologic causes of mastalgia. Breast cancer is rarely a cause but should be excluded. Reassurance, support, dietary changes, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and occasionally hormonal medications are options to help with improving breast pain.
乳房疼痛是大多数女性一生中常见的症状，且很多时候是自限性的。乳房痛分为 3 大主要类型：周期性、非周期性和非乳腺来源。详细的病史、体格检查和有针对性的影像学检查有助于明确乳房痛的潜在病因，从而指导治疗方案的选择。饮食、药物、压力、激素波动以及胸罩不合适等可能是生理性乳房痛的诱发因素。乳腺癌很少是其病因，但需要排除。安慰、支持、饮食改变、非甾体类抗炎药，偶尔还有激素药物，这些都是改善乳房疼痛的选择。
