Ridley Bethany J, Cornelissen Piers L, Maalin Nadia, Mohamed Sophie, Kramer Robin S S, McCarty Kristofor, Tovée Martin J
Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2022 Oct 19;13:980277. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.980277. eCollection 2022.
We used attractiveness judgements as a proxy to visualize the ideal female and male body for male and female participants and investigated how individual differences in the internalization of cultural ideals influence these representations. In the first of two studies, male and female participants judged the attractiveness of 242 male and female computer-generated bodies which varied independently in muscle and adipose. This allowed us to map changes in attractiveness across the complete body composition space, revealing single peaks for the attractiveness of both men and women. In the second study, we asked our participants to choose the most attractive male and female bodies in a method of adjustment task in which they could independently vary muscle and adipose to create the most attractive body. We asked whether individual differences in internalization of cultural ideals, drive for muscularity, eating disorder symptomatology and depressive symptoms could systematically shift the location of peak attractiveness in body composition space. We found a clear preference by both genders for a male body with high muscle and low adipose, and a toned, low adipose female body. The degree of internalization of cultural ideals predicted large individual differences in the composition of the most attractive bodies.
我们使用吸引力判断作为一种手段，为男性和女性参与者呈现理想的男性和女性身体形象，并研究文化理想内化过程中的个体差异如何影响这些形象。在两项研究的第一项中，男性和女性参与者对242个由计算机生成的男性和女性身体的吸引力进行了评判，这些身体在肌肉和脂肪方面独立变化。这使我们能够描绘出整个身体成分空间中吸引力的变化情况，揭示出男性和女性吸引力的单峰。在第二项研究中，我们要求参与者在一种调整任务中选择最具吸引力的男性和女性身体，在该任务中他们可以独立改变肌肉和脂肪来创造最具吸引力的身体。我们询问文化理想内化、肌肉追求、饮食失调症状和抑郁症状方面的个体差异是否会系统地改变身体成分空间中吸引力峰值的位置。我们发现，两性都明显偏好肌肉发达且脂肪含量低的男性身体，以及身材匀称、脂肪含量低的女性身体。文化理想内化的程度预示着最具吸引力身体的组成存在很大的个体差异。
