Palano Maria Teresa, Gallazzi Matteo, Cucchiara Martina, Dehò Federico, Capogrosso Paolo, Bruno Antonino, Mortara Lorenzo
Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Unit of Molecular Pathology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2022;3(5):694-718. doi: 10.37349/etat.2022.00108. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts as the most common non-cutaneous disease affecting males, and as the first cancer, for incidence, in male. With the introduction of the concept of immunoscore, PCa has been classified as a cold tumor, thus driving the attention in the development of strategies aimed at blocking the infiltration/activation of immunosuppressive cells, while favoring the infiltration/activation of anti-tumor immune cells. Even if immunotherapy has revolutionized the approaches to cancer therapy, there is still a window failure, due to the immune cell plasticity within PCa, that can acquire pro-tumor features, subsequent to the tumor microenvironment (TME) capability to polarize them. This review discussed selected relevant soluble factors [transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-23] and cellular components of the innate immunity, as drivers of tumor progression, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis within the PCa-TME.
前列腺癌（PCa）是影响男性最常见的非皮肤疾病，也是男性发病率排名第一的癌症。随着免疫评分概念的引入，PCa被归类为冷肿瘤，这促使人们关注旨在阻断免疫抑制细胞浸润/激活，同时促进抗肿瘤免疫细胞浸润/激活的策略的开发。尽管免疫疗法彻底改变了癌症治疗方法，但由于PCa内免疫细胞的可塑性，仍存在一部分治疗失败的情况，在肿瘤微环境（TME）使它们极化后，这些免疫细胞可获得促肿瘤特征。本综述讨论了前列腺癌肿瘤微环境中选定的相关可溶性因子[转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、IL-10、IL-23]和先天免疫的细胞成分，它们是肿瘤进展、免疫抑制和血管生成的驱动因素。
