Department of Public Health, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa.
Non Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 19;10:969053. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.969053. eCollection 2022.
Risk factors for alcohol use originate from many interconnected factors to an interplay of social and physical environments. However, there is a scarcity of data on the contextual risk factors of alcohol use among the adolescents regarding high schools located in townships in South Africa. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for alcohol use among adolescents attending selected township high schools in Tshwane, South Africa.
A validated researcher-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the demographics, as well as current alcohol use, types, quantity, and frequency among adolescents ( = 403) in the three high schools. Data were analyzed using STATA 17.
The response rate was 97%, with the mean age of 16 ± 2 years for the adolescents. Forty-eight % (48%) of the adolescents reported current alcohol use, which was associated with sex, age, number of children, school grade, repeated grade, spare time job and types, having a pocket money to school, child social grant, transport mode to school, and smoking. The odds of current alcohol use were higher for adolescents in grade 10 [AOR = 6.71; 95% CI: 3.16-14.24], grade 11 [AOR = 4.45; 95% CI: 2.21], grade 12 [AOR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.47-6.31], repeating a grade [AOR =2 .20; 95% CI: 1.32-3.67), and working during a spare time [AOR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.33-6.37]. Both sexes had higher odds of alcohol use in the ages of 15-17 and 18-21 years, than adolescents aged 13-14 years.
Key risk factors for alcohol use among learners were sex, age, school grade, repeated grade, and working during a spare time. More evidence-based interventions that would have a greater impact in addressing alcohol use among adolescents, such as focusing on availability, marketing, and taxation of alcoholic beverages, are necessary.
饮酒的风险因素源于许多相互关联的因素，以及社会和物理环境的相互作用。然而，关于南非乡镇高中青少年饮酒的背景风险因素的数据却很少。本研究旨在确定在南非行政首都比勒陀利亚的三个乡镇高中就读的青少年饮酒的风险因素。
使用经过验证的研究者管理的问卷收集数据，了解青少年的人口统计学信息，以及他们当前的饮酒情况、饮酒类型、饮酒量和饮酒频率（n=403）。使用 STATA 17 进行数据分析。
回应率为 97%，青少年的平均年龄为 16±2 岁。48%的青少年报告目前有饮酒行为，这与性别、年龄、子女数量、学校年级、留级、业余时间工作类型、零花钱、儿童社会补助金、上学交通方式和吸烟有关。10 年级（AOR=6.71；95%CI：3.16-14.24）、11 年级（AOR=4.45；95%CI：2.21）、12 年级（AOR=3.05；95%CI：1.47-6.31）和留级（AOR=2.20；95%CI：1.32-3.67）以及在业余时间工作（AOR=2.91；95%CI：1.33-6.37）的青少年饮酒的可能性更高。15-17 岁和 18-21 岁的青少年比 13-14 岁的青少年更有可能饮酒。
学习者饮酒的主要风险因素是性别、年龄、学校年级、留级和业余时间工作。需要采取更多基于证据的干预措施，例如关注酒精饮料的供应、营销和税收，以更大程度地解决青少年饮酒问题。
