Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Dec;131:662-671. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.048. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) experiences dramatic internal and external environmental changes during its transoceanic reproductive migrations. Here, we assess immune function changes in the primary and secondary immune organs (head kidney and spleen) of A. japonica during artificial ovarian maturation at the previtellogenic (PV), midvitellogenic (MV), and ovulating (OV) stages by transcriptome analyses. Stress responses were also assessed by determining the serum concentrations of lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase. Our results showed that together with increased serum 17β-estrogen and testosterone, lysozyme activity and antioxidant capacity were suppressed during artificial ovarian maturation. Comparisons across these developmental stages identified 60 (head kidney) and 36 (spleen) differentially expressed genes associated with the immune system. Genes related to the key activation markers of innate immune function, such as CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL20, HSP90B, MMP9, and MMP13, were upregulated and significantly enriched in the interleukin-17 signaling pathway. Adaptive immune function-related genes (IGM and MHC1) were upregulated in the head kidney from PV to MV, and their levels increased thereafter in the spleen. Moreover, a correlation between Pax5 expression and IGM expression in the spleen of MV (IGM+/Pax5+) and OV (IGM++/Pax5-) stage suggests that adaptive immune function was enhanced during ovarian maturation. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to describe transcriptome profiling of immune organs during ovarian maturation in teleost. Our findings suggest that the interleukin-17 pathway and IgM may play important roles in spawning.
日本鳗鲡（Anguilla japonica）在跨洋生殖洄游过程中经历了剧烈的内外环境变化。在这里，我们通过转录组分析评估了日本鳗鲡在未成熟卵母细胞期（PV）、中期卵母细胞期（MV）和排卵期（OV）的人工卵巢成熟过程中主要和次要免疫器官（头肾和脾脏）的免疫功能变化。还通过测定血清溶菌酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶的浓度来评估应激反应。我们的结果表明，在人工卵巢成熟过程中，随着血清 17β-雌激素和睾酮的增加，溶菌酶活性和抗氧化能力受到抑制。在这些发育阶段之间的比较中，确定了 60 个（头肾）和 36 个（脾脏）与免疫系统相关的差异表达基因。与先天免疫功能关键激活标志物相关的基因，如 CXCL10、CXCL11、CCL20、HSP90B、MMP9 和 MMP13 上调，并在白细胞介素-17 信号通路中显著富集。适应性免疫功能相关基因（IGM 和 MHC1）在头肾中从 PV 到 MV 上调，此后在脾脏中其水平增加。此外，在 MV（IGM+/Pax5+）和 OV（IGM++/Pax5-）阶段脾脏中 Pax5 表达与 IGM 表达之间的相关性表明，适应性免疫功能在卵巢成熟过程中得到了增强。据我们所知，本研究首次描述了硬骨鱼卵巢成熟过程中免疫器官的转录组分析。我们的研究结果表明，白细胞介素-17 途径和 IgM 可能在产卵中发挥重要作用。
