Hollerova A, Hodkovicova N, Blahova J, Faldyna M, Franc A, Pavlokova S, Tichy F, Postulkova E, Mares J, Medkova D, Kyllar M, Svobodova Z
Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 1;858(Pt 3):159976. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159976. Epub 2022 Nov 5.
Plastic waste pollution is considered one of the biggest problems facing our planet. The production and use of these materials has led to huge amounts of plastic waste entering the aquatic environment and affecting aquatic life. In our experiment, the effect of polystyrene microparticles (PS-MPs; 52.5 ± 11.5 μm) on individual juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was tested at three different dietary concentrations of 0.5, 2 and 5 % for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, various health parameters of exposed organisms were compared with the control group. The haematological profile revealed an immune response by a decrease in lymphocyte count with a concurrent increase in the number of neutrophil segments at the highest concentration of PS-MPs (5 %). Biochemical analysis showed significant reductions in plasma ammonia in all tested groups, which may be related to liver and gill damage, as determined by histopathological examination and analysis of inflammatory cytokines expression. In addition, liver damage can also cause a significant decrease in the plasma protein ceruloplasmin, which is synthesized in the liver. PS-MPs disrupted the antioxidant balance in the caudal kidney, gill and liver, with significant changes observed only at the highest concentration. In summary, PS-MPs negatively affect the health status of freshwater fish and represent a huge burden on aquatic ecosystems.
塑料垃圾污染被认为是我们星球面临的最大问题之一。这些材料的生产和使用导致大量塑料垃圾进入水生环境并影响水生生物。在我们的实验中，以0.5%、2%和5%这三种不同的饮食浓度，对单个幼年虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）测试了聚苯乙烯微颗粒（PS - MPs；52.5 ± 11.5μm）六周的影响。在实验结束时，将暴露生物的各种健康参数与对照组进行了比较。血液学分析显示，在PS - MPs最高浓度（5%）时，淋巴细胞计数减少，同时中性粒细胞分段数量增加，表明存在免疫反应。生化分析表明，所有测试组的血浆氨均显著降低，这可能与肝脏和鳃损伤有关，组织病理学检查和炎症细胞因子表达分析已确定了这一点。此外，肝脏损伤还会导致在肝脏中合成的血浆蛋白铜蓝蛋白显著减少。PS - MPs破坏了尾肾、鳃和肝脏中的抗氧化平衡，仅在最高浓度时观察到显著变化。总之，PS - MPs对淡水鱼的健康状况产生负面影响，对水生生态系统构成巨大负担。
