Imran Muhammad, Aslam Mahwish, Alsagaby Suliman A, Saeed Farhan, Ahmad Ishtiaque, Afzaal Muhamamd, Arshad Muhammad Umair, Abdelgawad Mohamed A, El-Ghorab Ahmed H, Khames Ahmed, Shariati Mohammad Ali, Ahmad Arslan, Hussain Muzamal, Imran Ali, Islam Saiful
Department of Food Science and Technology University of Narowal Narowal Pakistan.
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan.
Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Aug 3;10(11):3544-3561. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2994. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Carvacrol is a major natural constituent and is significantly present as an essential oil in aromatic plants and is well known for its numerous biological activities. Therapeutic properties of carvacrol have been demonstrated as anti-oxidant, anticancer, diabetes prevention, cardioprotective, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective and reproductive role, antiaging, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties. The carvacrol biosynthesis has been mediated through mevalonate pathway. Carvacrol has the anticancer ability against malignant cells via decreasing the expressions of matrix metalloprotease 2 and 9, inducing apoptosis, enhancing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, disrupting mitochondrial membrane, suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction, and also decreasing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B. It also decreased the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as well as also restored liver function, insulin level, and plasma glucose level. Carvacrol also has been found to exert antimicrobial activity against , , , spp, sp. , and . The current review article summarizes the health-promoting perspectives of carvacrol through various pathways.
香芹酚是一种主要的天然成分，在芳香植物中以精油的形式大量存在，并且因其众多的生物活性而闻名。香芹酚的治疗特性已被证明具有抗氧化、抗癌、预防糖尿病、心脏保护、抗肥胖、肝脏保护和生殖作用、抗衰老、抗菌和免疫调节特性。香芹酚的生物合成是通过甲羟戊酸途径介导的。香芹酚通过降低基质金属蛋白酶2和9的表达、诱导细胞凋亡、增强促凋亡蛋白的表达、破坏线粒体膜、抑制细胞外信号调节激酶1/2丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号转导以及降低磷酸肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B，对恶性细胞具有抗癌能力。它还降低了丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的浓度，同时还恢复了肝功能、胰岛素水平和血糖水平。香芹酚还被发现对 、 、 、 属、 种、 和 具有抗菌活性。当前的综述文章总结了香芹酚通过各种途径促进健康的前景。
