Admasu Simeneh, Desta Hayal, Yeshitela Kumelachew, Argaw Mekuria
Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development, Ethiopia.
GFA Consulting Group, Biodiversity and Forests Programme in Ethiopia, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2022 Oct 22;8(11):e11217. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11217. eCollection 2022 Nov.
This study was conducted to evaluate land suitability for apple farming in the Dire and Legedadi watersheds of the central highlands of Ethiopia. Attributes that determine apple growth were categorized into environmental, soil, climate, and land management factors. The land evaluation methodology developed by FAO (1976) was applied in six steps. First, nine thematic layers are prepared. Second, pair-wise comparison matrices were performed using AHP. Third, thematic layers are reclassified. Forth, weights are assigned to each class. Fifth, weighted overlay analysis was performed to produce a land suitability map. Finally, the land suitability map was classified into high, moderate, marginally suitable, and unsuitable categories. Soil type received the highest weight of 1.98 followed by elevation and LULC of 1.51 each. The mean temperature, rainfall, soil pH, and soil drainage weight were 1.41, 0.94, 0.56, and 0.52 respectively. Whereas the slope and aspect weighted the lowest at 0.38 and 0.19 respectively. Out of the total area of the watersheds, about 14 km (6.7%) and 12.34 km (13.1%) are highly suitable for apple farming in the Legedadi and Dire watersheds respectively. Whereas, about 113.35 km (53.8%) and 42.54 km (45.2%) of land are not suitable in the Legedadi and Dire watersheds respectively. Landholders who play a pivotal role should be incentivized to grow perennial crops (e.g., apple-trees) to enhance environmental income and alleviate poverty.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚中部高地迪雷和莱格达迪流域种植苹果的土地适宜性。决定苹果生长的属性被分为环境、土壤、气候和土地管理因素。粮农组织（1976年）制定的土地评价方法分六个步骤应用。首先，准备九个专题图层。其次，使用层次分析法进行成对比较矩阵分析。第三，对专题图层进行重新分类。第四，为每个类别赋予权重。第五，进行加权叠加分析以生成土地适宜性地图。最后，将土地适宜性地图分为高度适宜、中度适宜、勉强适宜和不适宜四类。土壤类型的权重最高，为1.98，其次是海拔和土地利用与土地覆盖，权重均为1.51。平均温度、降雨量、土壤pH值和土壤排水的权重分别为1.41、0.94、0.56和0.52。而坡度和坡向的权重最低，分别为0.38和0.19。在流域总面积中，莱格达迪流域约14平方公里（6.7%）和迪雷流域约12.34平方公里（13.1%）的土地非常适合种植苹果。而在莱格达迪流域和迪雷流域，分别有大约113.35平方公里（53.8%）和42.54平方公里（45.2%）的土地不适宜种植。应激励发挥关键作用的土地所有者种植多年生作物（如苹果树），以增加环境收入并减轻贫困。
