Cunha-Diniz Flávia, Taveira-Gomes Tiago, Teixeira José Manuel, Magalhães Teresa
CINTESIS-Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
IINFACTS-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal.
Forensic Sci Res. 2022 Mar 23;7(3):528-539. doi: 10.1080/20961790.2022.2031548. eCollection 2022.
The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of nonfatal road traffic accidents by the victims' age group and sex. We used the Portuguese medico-legal rules for personal injury assessment, in the scope of the Civil Law in that country, which includes a three-dimensional methodology. This was a retrospective study including 667 victims of road traffic accidents aged 3-94 years old. Their final medico-legal reports all used the Portuguese methodology for personal injury assessment. Outcomes were analysed by the victims' age group (children, working-age adults, and older people) and sex. Road traffic accidents were generally serious (ISS mean 9.5), with higher severity in children and older people. The most frequent body sequelae were musculoskeletal (64.8%), which were associated with functional and situational outcomes. Temporary damage resulted in an average length of impairment of daily life of 199.6 days, 171.7 days to return to work, and an average degree of quantum doloris (noneconomic damage related to physical and psychological harm) of 3.7/7. The average permanent damage was 7.3/100 points for Permanent Functional Deficit, 0.43/3 for Permanent Professional Repercussion, 2/7 for Permanent Aesthetic Damage, 3.9/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sexual Activity and 3.2/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sport and Leisure Activities. Overall, 19% of people became permanently dependent (10.6% needed third-party assistance). The medico-legal methodology used, considering victims' real-life situation, allows a comprehensive assessment. There were several significant differences among the three age groups but none between sexes. These differences and the impact of the more severe cases justify further detailed medico-legal studies in these specific situations on children, older people, and severely injured victims.Key points:This was a retrospective study of accident mechanisms and injury outcomes in Portugal, and considered the outcomes in the victims' real-life situation.Lesions from road traffic accidents were generally serious, with higher severity among children and older people.The most frequent sequels were musculoskeletal, and associated with functional and situational outcomes.Both temporary and permanent outcomes had repercussions for the victims.There were significant differences between children, working-age adults and older people, but none between sexes.
本研究的目的是比较不同年龄组和性别的非致命道路交通事故受害者的结局。我们采用了葡萄牙民法范围内的人身伤害评估医学法律规则，其中包括一种三维方法。这是一项回顾性研究，纳入了667名年龄在3至94岁之间的道路交通事故受害者。他们的最终医学法律报告均采用葡萄牙人身伤害评估方法。结局按受害者的年龄组（儿童、工作年龄成年人和老年人）和性别进行分析。道路交通事故通常较为严重（损伤严重度评分平均为9.5），儿童和老年人的严重程度更高。最常见的身体后遗症是肌肉骨骼方面的（64.8%），这与功能和生活状况结局相关。暂时性损伤导致日常生活受损的平均时长为199.6天，恢复工作的平均时长为171.7天，平均疼痛程度（与身体和心理伤害相关的非经济损害）为3.7/7。永久性损伤的平均评分为：永久功能缺陷7.3/100分，永久职业影响0.43/3分，永久美学损害2/7分，性活动永久影响3.9/7分，运动和休闲活动永久影响3.2/7分。总体而言，19%的人变得永久依赖他人（10.6%需要第三方协助）。所采用的医学法律方法考虑了受害者的现实生活状况，能够进行全面评估。三个年龄组之间存在若干显著差异，但性别之间无差异。这些差异以及更严重病例的影响证明有必要针对儿童、老年人和重伤受害者在这些特定情况下开展进一步详细的医学法律研究。
这是一项关于葡萄牙事故机制和损伤结局的回顾性研究，并考虑了受害者现实生活中的结局。
道路交通事故造成的损伤通常较为严重，儿童和老年人的严重程度更高。
最常见的后遗症是肌肉骨骼方面的，且与功能和生活状况结局相关。
暂时性和永久性结局均对受害者有影响。
儿童、工作年龄成年人和老年人之间存在显著差异，但性别之间无差异。
