Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;12(11):978. doi: 10.3390/bios12110978.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has drawn attention to the need for fast and accurate diagnostic testing. Concerns from emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and other circulating respiratory viral pathogens further underscore the importance of expanding diagnostic testing to multiplex detection, as single-plex diagnostic testing may fail to detect emerging variants and other viruses, while sequencing can be too slow and too expensive as a diagnostic tool. As a result, there have been significant advances in multiplex nucleic-acid-based virus diagnostic testing, creating a need for a timely review. This review first introduces frequent nucleic acid targets for multiplex virus diagnostic tests, then proceeds to a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of multiplex assays that incorporate various detection reactions and readout modalities. The performances, advantages, and disadvantages of these assays are discussed, followed by highlights of platforms that are amenable for point-of-care use. Finally, this review points out the remaining technical challenges and shares perspectives on future research and development. By examining the state of the art and synthesizing existing development in multiplex nucleic acid diagnostic tests, this review can provide a useful resource for facilitating future research and ultimately combating COVID-19.
由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的 COVID-19 大流行引起了人们对快速准确诊断检测的关注。新兴的 SARS-CoV-2 变体和其他循环呼吸道病毒病原体的出现进一步强调了扩大诊断检测至多重检测的重要性，因为单重诊断检测可能无法检测到新兴变体和其他病毒，而测序作为一种诊断工具可能太慢且太贵。因此，基于多重核酸的病毒诊断检测技术取得了重大进展，因此需要及时进行审查。本综述首先介绍了常用于多重病毒诊断测试的常见核酸靶标，然后全面概述了包含各种检测反应和读出模式的多重检测方法。讨论了这些检测方法的性能、优点和缺点，然后重点介绍了适合即时检测使用的平台。最后，本综述指出了剩余的技术挑战，并对未来的研究和开发提出了看法。通过检查最新技术并综合现有的多重核酸诊断测试开发情况，本综述可为促进未来的研究并最终对抗 COVID-19 提供有用的资源。
