Min Yeji, Kim Sung-Ho
Department of Psychology, 26717Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
Percept Mot Skills. 2023 Feb;130(1):54-79. doi: 10.1177/00315125221138394. Epub 2022 Nov 10.
The direction of visual motion has been shown to affect the perception of interval duration; objects moving towards an observer (i.e., looming) are perceived to last longer than objects moving away (i.e., receding), and this has been explained in terms of arousal- or attention-based modulation. To dissociate the two competing accounts, we investigated how the influence of motion direction on duration perception is modulated by the emotional content of stimuli. Participants were given the temporal bisection task with images of emotional faces (angry, happy, and neutral) presented in a static (Experiment 1) or dynamic (Experiment 2) display. In Experiment 1, we found no influence of facial emotion on perceived duration. In Experiment 2, however, looming (i.e., expanding) stimuli were perceived as lasting longer than receding (contracting) ones. More importantly, we found an interaction between participant-rated arousal to faces and motion direction: The looming/receding asymmetry was pronounced when the stimulus arousal was rated low, but this asymmetry diminished with increasing arousal ratings. Thus, looming/receding temporal asymmetry seems to be reduced when arousing facial expressions enhance attentional engagement.
视觉运动方向已被证明会影响对间隔持续时间的感知；朝着观察者移动的物体（即逼近）被认为比远离的物体（即后退）持续时间更长，这已根据基于唤醒或注意力的调节来解释。为了区分这两种相互竞争的解释，我们研究了运动方向对持续时间感知的影响如何受到刺激情绪内容的调节。参与者进行了时间二等分任务，刺激物为静态（实验1）或动态（实验2）展示的情绪面孔（愤怒、快乐和中性）图像。在实验1中，我们发现面部情绪对感知持续时间没有影响。然而，在实验2中，逼近（即扩大）的刺激物被认为比后退（收缩）的刺激物持续时间更长。更重要的是，我们发现参与者对面孔的唤醒评分与运动方向之间存在交互作用：当刺激物的唤醒评分较低时，逼近/后退的不对称性很明显，但随着唤醒评分的增加，这种不对称性会减小。因此，当唤起情绪的面部表情增强注意力参与时，逼近/后退的时间不对称性似乎会降低。
