Alharbi Mona G, Al-Hindi Rashad R, Esmael Ahmed, Alotibi Ibrahim A, Azhari Sheren A, Alseghayer Mazen S, Teklemariam Addisu D
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022 Nov 7;7(11):356. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110356.
Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) are emerging serogroups that often result in diseases ranging from diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most common non-O157 STEC are O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. These serogroups are known by the name "big six" because they cause severe illness and death in humans and the United States Department of Agriculture declared these serogroups as food contaminants. The lack of fast and efficient diagnostic methods exacerbates the public impact of the disease caused by these serogroups. Numerous outbreaks have been reported globally and most of these outbreaks were caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water as well as direct contact with reservoirs. Livestock harbor a variety of non-O157 STEC serovars that can contaminate meat and dairy products, or water sources when used for irrigation. Hence, effective control and prevention approaches are required to safeguard the public from infections. This review addresses the disease characteristics, reservoirs, the source of infections, the transmission of the disease, and major outbreaks associated with the six serogroups ("big six") of non-O157 STEC encountered all over the globe.
非O157产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）是新兴的血清群，常导致人类从腹泻到严重出血性结肠炎等各种疾病。最常见的非O157 STEC是O26、O45、O103、O111、O121和O145。这些血清群被称为“六大”，因为它们会导致人类严重疾病和死亡，并且美国农业部已将这些血清群列为食品污染物。缺乏快速有效的诊断方法加剧了这些血清群所引发疾病对公众的影响。全球已报告了众多疫情，其中大多数疫情是由摄入受污染的食物或水以及直接接触宿主引起的。家畜携带多种非O157 STEC血清型，可污染肉类和奶制品，或在用于灌溉时污染水源。因此，需要有效的控制和预防措施来保护公众免受感染。本综述阐述了与全球范围内遇到的非O157 STEC的六个血清群（“六大”）相关的疾病特征、宿主、感染源、疾病传播以及主要疫情。
