School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
National-Provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of Electromechanical Product Packaging, College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Dec;185(Pt A):114329. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114329. Epub 2022 Nov 7.
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), chlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives extensively used in agriculture and chemical industry, have been banned for several decades in most developed countries. However, OCPs act as persistent organic pollutants due to their semi-volatility nature, high ability for wide range transportation and faster bioaccumulation, and thus it has remained as a topical global concern. This study focuses on OCP distributions, sources and associated ecological risks in the globally important OCP source-sink regions of South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS). Given the co-exposure of multiple OCPs that undermine the classical risk assessment of single OCP species, a two-tier mixture risk assessment approach has been employed with explicit consideration of seasonal changes and phase-partitioning effects. The results indicate existence of multiple sources varied across the seasons and between the dissolved and particulate phases. Potential sources include the current-use of lindane or historical use of technical HCH, input of technical DDTs, long-range atmospheric transport, and deposition of HCB from land surfaces. There are no wide high-risk zones. Dissolved HCB and DDTs have posed low-to-medium levels of risks broadly distributed across the seasons. Relatively greater risks are observed in summer in the both dissolved and particulate phases. The study has shown the importance of considering mixture risk assessments with the effects of phase-partitioning and seasonal changes for efficient oceanic risk management.
有机氯农药（OCPs）是农业和化学工业中广泛使用的氯化烃衍生物，在大多数发达国家已经被禁用几十年。然而，由于其半挥发性、广泛传输的高能力和更快的生物积累，OCPs 作为持久性有机污染物仍然是一个全球性的热点问题。本研究关注了全球重要的南海（SCS）和东海（ECS）源汇区 OCPs 的分布、来源和相关生态风险。鉴于多种 OCPs 的共同暴露，破坏了单一 OCP 物种的经典风险评估，本研究采用了两级混合物风险评估方法，明确考虑了季节性变化和相分配效应。结果表明，存在多种来源，这些来源在季节之间和溶解相与颗粒相之间有所不同。潜在的来源包括林丹的当前使用或技术 HCH 的历史使用、技术滴滴涕的输入、长距离大气传输以及 HCB 从陆地表面的沉积。没有广泛的高风险区。溶解的 HCB 和滴滴涕在整个季节广泛分布，造成了低至中等水平的风险。在溶解相和颗粒相夏季观察到相对较大的风险。该研究表明，对于有效的海洋风险管理，考虑相分配和季节性变化的混合物风险评估具有重要意义。
