Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Italy; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience and Communication (BNC), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Feb 1;322:31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.001. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
The co-occurrence between major depression disorder (MDD) and conduct disorder (CD) is common across development and represents a significant risk factor for future psychiatric problems and long-term impairment. Large-scale quantitative genetic studies suggest that the MDD-CD co-occurrence may be partly explained by shared genetic vulnerability factors, in line with transdiagnostic models of psychopathology, but no systematic synthesis of the literature is currently available.
We therefore conducted a systematic review of the available genetic literature on the co-occurrence between MDD and CD in children and adolescents. We identified 10 eligible studies, including 5 cross-sectional bivariate/multivariate twin studies, 3 longitudinal bivariate/multivariate twin studies, and 2 latent profile/trajectory twin studies.
Most of the reviewed studies found a strong contribution of shared genetic factors on the covariation between depression and conduct problems, in line with the prominent effect of a common genetic liability across development.
The scientific literature on this psychiatric comorbidity is still limited, as it solely consists of twin studies from high income countries.
Considering the joint burden of MDD and CD on youth, families and society worldwide, future studies are needed to better investigate the shared risk processes of these frequently co-occurring conditions, in order to inform new treatments through personalized medicine.
重度抑郁症（MDD）和品行障碍（CD）在整个发展过程中同时发生较为常见，这是未来精神问题和长期损害的一个重要风险因素。大规模的定量遗传学研究表明，MDD-CD 共病部分可以用共同的遗传易感性因素来解释，这与精神病理学的跨诊断模型一致，但目前尚无该文献的系统综述。
因此，我们对儿童和青少年 MDD 和 CD 共病的现有遗传文献进行了系统综述。我们确定了 10 项符合条件的研究，包括 5 项横断面双变量/多变量双胞胎研究、3 项纵向双变量/多变量双胞胎研究和 2 项潜在特征/轨迹双胞胎研究。
大多数综述研究发现，抑郁和行为问题的共变受共享遗传因素的强烈影响，这与贯穿发展的常见遗传易感性的显著影响一致。
关于这种精神共病的科学文献仍然有限，因为它仅由来自高收入国家的双胞胎研究组成。
鉴于 MDD 和 CD 对全球青年、家庭和社会的共同负担，需要进行未来的研究，以更好地研究这些经常共病的条件的共同风险过程，以便通过个性化医疗为新的治疗方法提供信息。
