Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2022 Nov;54(11):998-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.08.007.
To explore barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping and identify community-driven strategies to promote equity in online food access.
This qualitative study used a purposive recruitment strategy to conduct 11 focus groups and 5 in-depth interviews between November 2020 and March 2021.
Data collection was conducted virtually with participants residing in diverse (majority urban) regions of Maryland.
44 primary household food purchasers with young children (aged < 8 years) eligible for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).
Barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping and strategies elicited by the community to leverage SNAP and online food retailer services to reduce inequities in healthy food access.
We coded and analyzed transcripts on the basis of the Socioecological Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and an Equity-Oriented Framework.
Overall, we identified 10 themes across all socioecological levels, all of which reflected both barriers and facilitators to online shopping: (1) individual: trust of shoppers, technology, (2) interpersonal: spousal/children needs, (3) community: safety and security, (4) organizational: retail experience and food quality, and (5) policy: SNAP and structural inequities. Participant recommendations included improving food access and communication with hired shoppers, implementing more payment/cost-saving options, and offering educational programming for SNAP participants on using benefits online.
Households of low-income identified barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping across the socioecological levels, emphasizing the need for a multilevel approach to equity promotion. We recommend future work to explore the suggested actionable pathways, which involve delivery providers, grocery stores, nutrition educators, and policymakers leveraging online grocery features (ie, meal planning support) and policies (ie, expansion of the SNAP Online Purchasing Pilot to more retailers) to reducing deterrents (ie, delivery fees waived) for an equity-promoting online grocery environment.
探索在线杂货购物的障碍和促进因素，并确定社区驱动的策略，以促进在线食品获取的公平性。
这项定性研究采用了有针对性的招募策略，于 2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 3 月期间进行了 11 个焦点小组和 5 个深度访谈。
数据收集是通过虚拟方式进行的，参与者居住在马里兰州多样化（主要是城市）地区。
44 名主要家庭食品购买者，他们的孩子（年龄<8 岁）有资格获得补充营养援助计划（SNAP）。
在线杂货购物的障碍和促进因素，以及社区提出的利用 SNAP 和在线食品零售商服务来减少健康食品获取不平等的策略。
我们根据社会生态模型、计划行为理论和以公平为导向的框架对转录本进行了编码和分析。
总体而言，我们在所有社会生态层面上确定了 10 个主题，这些主题都反映了在线购物的障碍和促进因素：（1）个人：购物者的信任、技术，（2）人际：配偶/孩子的需求，（3）社区：安全和保障，（4）组织：零售体验和食品质量，以及（5）政策：SNAP 和结构性不平等。参与者的建议包括改善食品获取和与雇佣购物者的沟通，实施更多的支付/节省成本的选择，并为 SNAP 参与者提供关于在线使用福利的教育计划。
低收入家庭确定了在线杂货购物的社会生态层面的障碍和促进因素，强调需要采取多层次的方法来促进公平。我们建议未来的工作探索建议的可行途径，这些途径涉及交付提供商、杂货店、营养教育者和政策制定者，利用在线杂货的功能（例如，膳食计划支持）和政策（例如，扩大 SNAP 在线购买试点计划以覆盖更多零售商）来减少对公平促进的在线杂货环境的阻碍因素（例如，免除送货费）。
