Sobiecka Elżbieta, Mroczkowska Milena, Olejnik Tomasz P
Institute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-357 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Sugar and Food Safety Management, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 25;11(11):2104. doi: 10.3390/antiox11112104.
Water pollution is an immense environmental problem, and plant protection products are part of it. The organophosphorus insecticides, chlorpyrifos as an example, were used for years, and their high concentration could negatively influence ecosystems. Some of the plants, such as macrophytes, were exposed to a variety of stress factors. To live on, the macrophytes developed an efficient antioxidative system consisting of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The remediation process of polluted water ecosystems caused by plant protection products in our climate zone can be intensified if it is provided by autochthonic macrophytes. The results of our studies are part of the research that allows optimizing the phytoremediation process without irreversible effect on investigated species. The influence of various concentrations of chlorpyrifos on the enzymatic system in Canadian waterweed ( Michx.), needle spikerush ( L.), and water mint ( L.) were studied. The differences in values of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were determined in leaves and roots. Research indicated an increase in both enzyme activities in plants exposed to toxic compounds. The highest concentration of chlorpyrifos affected the highest activities of enzymes. The water mint roots responded with the highest value of glutathione S-transferase activity during cultivation in polluted environment. It was therefore concluded that an aqueous plant exposed to the toxic insecticide created a defensive mechanism by enzymatic antioxidant systems that correlated to the pollutant concentration and plant species.
水污染是一个巨大的环境问题，植物保护产品也是其中一部分。有机磷杀虫剂，以毒死蜱为例，已被使用多年，其高浓度会对生态系统产生负面影响。一些植物，如大型水生植物，会受到多种胁迫因素的影响。为了生存，大型水生植物形成了一个由酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂组成的高效抗氧化系统。如果由本地大型水生植物进行修复，我们气候区由植物保护产品导致的污染水生态系统的修复过程可以得到加强。我们的研究结果是该研究的一部分，该研究能够优化植物修复过程，同时对被研究物种不产生不可逆影响。研究了不同浓度的毒死蜱对加拿大伊乐藻（Michx.）、针蔺（L.）和水薄荷（L.）酶系统的影响。测定了愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPX）和谷胱甘肽S -转移酶（GST）在叶片和根部的活性差异。研究表明，接触有毒化合物的植物中这两种酶的活性均有所增加。毒死蜱的最高浓度影响了酶的最高活性。在污染环境中培养期间，水薄荷根中谷胱甘肽S -转移酶活性的值最高。因此得出结论，接触有毒杀虫剂的水生植物通过酶促抗氧化系统建立了一种防御机制，该机制与污染物浓度和植物物种相关。
