Drapkina Oxana M, Ashniev German A, Zlobovskaya Olga A, Yafarova Adel A, Dementeva Elena V, Kaburova Anastasia N, Meshkov Ivan O, Sheptulina Anna F, Kiselev Anton R, Kontsevaya Anna V, Zhamalov Linar M, Koretskiy Sergey N, Pokrovskaya Mariya S, Akinshina Alexandra I, Zagaynova Anjelica V, Lukashina Mariia V, Kirillov Andrey V, Abramov Ivan A, Tolkacheva Larisa R, Bikaeva Irina O, Glazunova Evgeniya V, Shipulin German A, Bobrova Maria M, Makarov Valentin V, Keskinov Anton A, Yudin Vladimir S, Yudin Sergey M
National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia.
Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 31;10(11):2762. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10112762.
To continue progress in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, there is a need to improve the overall understanding of the processes that contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exploring the role of gut microbiota in various heart diseases is a topic of great interest since it is not so easy to find such reliable connections despite the fact that microbiota undoubtedly affect all body systems. The present study was conducted to investigate the composition of gut microbiota in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure syndromes with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), and to compare these results with the microbiota of individuals without those diseases (control group). Fecal microbiota were evaluated by three methods: living organisms were determined using bacterial cultures, total DNA taxonomic composition was estimated by next generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) and quantitative assessment of several taxa was performed using qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Regarding the bacterial culture method, all disease groups demonstrated a decrease in abundance of and in comparison to the control group. The HFrEF group was characterized by an increased abundance of and . NGS analysis was conducted at the family level. No significant differences between patient's groups were observed in alpha-diversity indices (Shannon, Faith, Pielou, Chao1, Simpson, and Strong) with the exception of the Faith index for the HFrEF and control groups. Erysipelotrichaceae were significantly increased in all three groups; Streptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae were significantly increased in ASCVD and HFrEF groups. These observations were indirectly confirmed with the culture method: two species of Streptococcus were significantly increased in the HFrEF group and was significantly increased in the ASCVD group. The latter observation was also confirmed with qPCR of sp. Acidaminococcaceae and Odoribacteraceae were significantly decreased in the ASCVD and HFrEF groups. Participants from the HFpEF group showed the least difference compared to the control group in all three study methods. The patterns found expand the knowledge base on possible correlations of gut microbiota with cardiovascular diseases. The similarities and differences in conclusions obtained by the three methods of this study demonstrate the need for a comprehensive approach to the analysis of microbiota.
为了在心血管疾病治疗方面继续取得进展，有必要提高对促成心血管疾病（CVD）发病机制的过程的整体认识。探索肠道微生物群在各种心脏病中的作用是一个备受关注的话题，因为尽管微生物群无疑会影响所有身体系统，但要找到如此可靠的联系并非易事。本研究旨在调查动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）患者以及射血分数降低的心力衰竭综合征（HFrEF）和射血分数保留的心力衰竭（HFpEF）患者的肠道微生物群组成，并将这些结果与无这些疾病的个体（对照组）的微生物群进行比较。通过三种方法评估粪便微生物群：使用细菌培养法确定活生物体，通过16S rRNA基因（V3 - V4）的下一代测序（NGS）估计总DNA分类组成，并使用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对几个分类群进行定量评估。关于细菌培养法，与对照组相比，所有疾病组的[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]丰度均降低。HFrEF组的特征是[具体细菌名称3]和[具体细菌名称4]丰度增加。NGS分析在科水平上进行。除了HFrEF组和对照组的Faith指数外，患者组之间在α多样性指数（香农指数、Faith指数、皮洛指数、Chao1指数、辛普森指数和斯特朗指数）方面未观察到显著差异。在所有三组中，丹毒丝菌科显著增加；链球菌科和乳杆菌科在ASCVD组和HFrEF组中显著增加。这些观察结果通过培养法得到间接证实：HFrEF组中两种链球菌显著增加，ASCVD组中[具体细菌名称5]显著增加。后一观察结果也通过[具体细菌名称6]的qPCR得到证实。在ASCVD组和HFrEF组中，氨基酸球菌科和气味杆菌科显著减少。与对照组相比，HFpEF组的参与者在所有三种研究方法中显示出最小的差异。所发现的模式扩展了关于肠道微生物群与心血管疾病可能相关性的知识库。本研究的三种方法所得出结论的异同表明，需要采用综合方法来分析微生物群。
