Department of Cardiology, Karaman Training and Research Hospital, Karaman, Turkey; Department of Cardiology, Pamukkale University Hospitals, Denizli, Turkey.
Department of Food Engineering, University of Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey.
Rev Port Cardiol. 2023 Jun;42(6):543-551. doi: 10.1016/j.repc.2022.06.016. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
With recent advances in genome sequencing technology, a large body of evidence has accumulated over the last few years linking alterations in microbiota with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aimed to compare gut microbial composition using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing techniques in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and stable heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and patients with CAD but with normal ejection fraction. We also studied the relationship between systemic inflammatory markers and microbial richness and diversity.
A total of 40 patients (19 with HF and CAD, 21 with CAD but without HF) were included in the study. HF was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction <40%. Only stable ambulatory patients were included in the study. Gut microbiota were assessed from the participants' fecal samples. The diversity and richness of microbial populations in each sample were assessed by the Chao1-estimated OTU number and the Shannon index.
The Chao1-estimated OTU number and Shannon index were similar between HF and control groups. There was no statistically significant relationship between inflammatory marker levels (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, endotoxin, C-reactive protein, galectin-3, interleukin 6, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) and microbial richness and diversity when analyzed at the phylum level.
In the current study, compared to patients with CAD but without HF, stable HF patients with CAD did not show changes in gut microbial richness and diversity. At the genus level Enterococcus sp. was more commonly identified in HF patients, in addition to certain changes in species levels, including increased Lactobacillus letivazi.
近年来，随着基因组测序技术的进步，大量证据表明，肠道微生物群的改变与心血管疾病有关。在这项研究中，我们旨在比较冠心病（CAD）和射血分数降低的稳定心力衰竭（HF）患者与 CAD 但射血分数正常患者的 16S 核糖体 DNA（rDNA）测序技术的肠道微生物组成。我们还研究了系统性炎症标志物与微生物丰富度和多样性之间的关系。
共有 40 名患者（19 名 HF 和 CAD，21 名 CAD 但无 HF）纳入本研究。HF 定义为左心室射血分数<40%。仅纳入稳定的门诊患者。肠道微生物群从参与者的粪便样本中评估。通过 Chao1 估计的 OTU 数量和 Shannon 指数评估每个样本中微生物种群的多样性和丰富度。
HF 和对照组的 Chao1 估计的 OTU 数量和 Shannon 指数相似。在门水平分析时，炎症标志物水平（肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素 1-β、内毒素、C 反应蛋白、半乳糖凝集素-3、白细胞介素 6 和脂多糖结合蛋白）与微生物丰富度和多样性之间没有统计学显著关系。
在当前研究中，与 CAD 但无 HF 的患者相比，CAD 稳定 HF 患者的肠道微生物丰富度和多样性没有变化。在属水平，HF 患者中更常见肠球菌属，此外在种水平还存在某些变化，包括乳杆菌属增加。
