Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80309, USA.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Nov 8;13(11):2068. doi: 10.3390/genes13112068.
The Roma are a group of populations with a common origin that share the Romani identity and cultural heritage. Their genetic history has been inferred through multiple studies based on uniparental and autosomal markers, and current genomic data have provided novel insights into their genetic background. This review was prompted by two factors: (i) new developments to estimate the genetic structure of the Roma at a fine-scale resolution have precisely identified the ancestral components and traced migrations that were previously documented only in historical sources, clarifying and solving debates on the origins and the diaspora of the Roma; (ii) while there has been an effort to review the health determinants of the Roma, the increasing literature on their population genetics has not been subjected to a dedicated review in the last two decades. We believe that a summary on the state of the art will benefit both the public and scholars that are approaching the subject.
罗姆人是一个具有共同起源的群体，他们拥有罗马尼身份和文化遗产。他们的遗传历史已经通过基于单亲遗传和常染色体标记的多项研究进行了推断，而当前的基因组数据为他们的遗传背景提供了新的见解。促使我们进行本次综述的原因有两个：(i) 新的研究进展可以以精细分辨率估计罗姆人的遗传结构，精确确定了先前仅在历史资料中记录的祖先成分和迁徙情况，从而澄清和解决了有关罗姆人起源和离散的争论；(ii) 虽然已经努力探讨罗姆人的健康决定因素，但过去二十年中，有关其群体遗传学的文献越来越多，但尚未对此进行专门的综述。我们认为，对最新技术状态的总结将使公众和研究人员都受益，因为他们正在研究这一主题。
