Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán 3780000, Chile.
Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 24;19(21):13806. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113806.
There is worldwide interest in measuring local food environments (FEs). The aim of this study was to develop and validate a set of instruments to evaluate FEs in Chile.
Based on the development and validation of four instruments to measure FEs, a literature review, an evaluation by experts, and the implementation of a pilot tool in the FEs of schoolchildren from nine public schools in the commune of Chillán, Chile, were used.
A tool to evaluate FEs was provided, based on three dimensions: availability, variety, and advertising of healthy foods. A total of 1928 foods points of purchase were evaluated. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. Some 74% of the foods' points of purchase were store locations. The reliability of the four instruments was high to acceptable (store: 0.90; institution: 0.77; street food: 0.74; restaurant: 0.68). Unhealthy foods were highlighted by the scores obtained: store (6.08 ± 4.07; range: 0-13), restaurant (3.95 ± 1.75; range: 0-10), street food (1.18 ± 1.56; range: 0-7), and institution FEs (3.38 ± 2.78; range: 0-9).
The results of this tool can provide information to governments for incorporating structural measures to ensure adequate availability, variety, and advertising of healthy foods in different FEs.
全球都有兴趣测量当地的食物环境（FE）。本研究的目的是开发和验证一套用于评估智利食物环境的工具。
基于开发和验证四个用于测量食物环境的工具，进行文献回顾、专家评估，并在智利奇廉市的 9 所公立学校的学童食物环境中试行该工具。
提供了一种评估食物环境的工具，该工具基于三个维度：健康食品的供应、种类和广告。共评估了 1928 个购买点。使用 Cronbach's alpha 评估可靠性。约 74%的食品购买点是商店位置。四个工具的可靠性为高到可接受（商店：0.90；机构：0.77；街头食品：0.74；餐厅：0.68）。得分突出了不健康食品：商店（6.08 ± 4.07；范围：0-13），餐厅（3.95 ± 1.75；范围：0-10），街头食品（1.18 ± 1.56；范围：0-7）和机构食物环境（3.38 ± 2.78；范围：0-9）。
该工具的结果可以为政府提供信息，以便在不同的食物环境中采取结构性措施，确保健康食品的充足供应、种类和广告。
