Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110115, China.
School of General Education, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110115, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 28;19(21):14078. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192114078.
This paper aims to investigate the differences in standing balance control ability between freestyle skiing aerials athletes and ordinary graduate students by means of wavelet transform (WT) and the overall stability index (OSI) and to discover the characteristics of the postural control ability of dissimilar subjects and appropriate methods to assess the postural control ability of the human body.
In all, 16 subjects were tested, including 8 from the Chinese national team who had won the world championships of freestyle skiing aerials, with 10+ years of training (age: 23 ± 23.1 years, Height: 176 ± 2.1 cm, and weight: 69 ± 3.5 kg), and 8 ordinary graduate students of Shenyang Institute of Physical Education (age: 22.6 ± 4.6 years, Height: 179 ± 3.3 cm, and weight: 73 ± 4.1 kg). When performing the tasks, the research subjects were required to stand on the steady support surface (with eyes closed and legs closed) for 30 s in each testing. The displacement data of the anteroposterior (AP) direction and the mediolateral (ML) direction of their centre of pressure (COP) were recorded. Then, WT and OSI were calculated. Two dissimilar methods were compared to analyse the characteristics of balance ability.
(1) The athletes' WT values in the AP direction and the ML direction were concentrated in the interval of 2230 s and 0-8 s, respectively, while the ordinary graduate students' WT values in the AP direction and the ML direction were concentrated in the interval of 1025 s and 0-7 s, respectively; (2) the WT values of the regular graduate students in the AP direction and the ML direction were higher than those of the athletes ( < 0.01); and (3) the OSI value in the AP direction of the athletes was higher than of the ordinary graduate students, while the OSI value in the ML direction of the athletes was lower than that of regular graduate students.
Compared to the OSI, WT can analyse the characteristics of balance control ability more effectively. The COP displacement frequencies of the athletes and ordinary graduate students were concentrated in the low-frequency bands. The athletes had superior adjustment ability in an imbalanced state and could adjust to the best position without effort. In addition, the athletes had a stronger adaptive ability. In comparison, the ordinary graduate students had comparatively poor adaptive ability and weak adjustment ability in the imbalanced state, so it was difficult for them to attain the best angle after adjustment.
通过小波变换（WT）和整体稳定指数（OSI）研究自由式滑雪空中技巧运动员与普通研究生在静态平衡控制能力方面的差异，探索不同受试者姿势控制能力的特点及评估人体姿势控制能力的合适方法。
共测试 16 名受试者，包括 8 名曾获得世界自由式滑雪空中技巧锦标赛冠军、训练 10 年以上的国家队运动员（年龄：23±23.1 岁，身高：176±2.1cm，体重：69±3.5kg）和 8 名沈阳体育学院普通研究生（年龄：22.6±4.6 岁，身高：179±3.3cm，体重：73±4.1kg）。在完成任务时，要求研究对象在每个测试中闭眼、双腿并拢的稳定支撑表面上站立 30s，记录其中心脚压（COP）前后（AP）方向和左右（ML）方向的位移数据。然后，计算 WT 和 OSI。比较两种不同的方法来分析平衡能力的特点。
（1）运动员在 AP 方向和 ML 方向的 WT 值集中在 2230s 和 0-8s 区间，而普通研究生在 AP 方向和 ML 方向的 WT 值集中在 1025s 和 0-7s 区间；（2）普通研究生在 AP 方向和 ML 方向的 WT 值均高于运动员（ < 0.01）；（3）运动员在 AP 方向的 OSI 值高于普通研究生，而运动员在 ML 方向的 OSI 值低于普通研究生。
与 OSI 相比，WT 可以更有效地分析平衡控制能力的特点。运动员和普通研究生的 COP 位移频率集中在低频带。运动员在不平衡状态下具有更好的调节能力，可以毫不费力地调整到最佳位置。此外，运动员具有更强的适应能力。相比之下，普通研究生的适应能力较差，在不平衡状态下的调节能力较弱，因此调整后很难达到最佳角度。
Zotero 插件