Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
Laboratory of Research and Development of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering UMR-CNRS 5305, Pharmacy Department, FRIPHARM Platform, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 30;23(21):13201. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113201.
The morphology of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) issued from the synovial fluid (SF) of patients suffering from osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or from healthy subjects (H), as well as the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of the FLS-secreted extracellular vesicles (EV), were analyzed by confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and tribological tests. EV released under healthy conditions were constituted of several lipid bilayers surrounding a viscous inner core. This "gel-in" vesicular structure ensured high mechanical resistance of single vesicles and good tribological properties of the lubricant. RA, and to a lesser extent OA, synovial vesicles had altered morphology, corresponding to a "gel-out" situation with vesicles surrounded by a viscous gel, poor mechanical resistance, and poor lubricating qualities. When subjected to inflammatory conditions, healthy cells developed phenotypes similar to that of RA samples, which reinforces the importance of inflammatory processes in the loss of lubricating properties of SF.
通过共聚焦显微镜、透射电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和摩擦学测试，分析了来自骨关节炎（OA）、类风湿关节炎（RA）患者或健康受试者（H）关节滑液（SF）的成纤维样滑膜细胞（FLS）的形态，以及 FLS 分泌的细胞外囊泡（EV）的超微结构和力学性能。在健康条件下释放的 EV 由几个围绕粘性内核的脂质双层组成。这种“凝胶内”囊泡结构确保了单个囊泡的高机械阻力和润滑剂的良好摩擦学性能。RA 和在较小程度上的 OA 滑膜囊泡的形态发生了改变，对应于一种“凝胶外”状态，囊泡周围是粘性凝胶，机械阻力差，润滑性能差。当受到炎症条件的影响时，健康细胞表现出类似于 RA 样本的表型，这加强了炎症过程在 SF 润滑性能丧失中的重要性。
